morphoМорфологические ведомостиMorphological newsletter1812-31712686-8741Private Medical University REAVIZ10.20340/mv-mn.2026.34(1).1014morpho-1022Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯRESEARCH ARTICLESНЕЙРОБЛАСТИЧЕСКИЙ РЕЗЕРВ ЭНТЕРАЛЬНОЙ НЕРВНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ЧЕЛОВЕКАNEUROBLASTIC RESERVE OF THE HUMAN ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEMМарковИгорь ИвановичMarkovIgor' I.

доктор медицинских наук, профессор, советник ректора 

Самара

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Advisor tothe Rector

Samara

markovii2601@yandex.ruНизаметдиноваДинара РустамовнаNizametdinovaDinara R.

старший преподаватель кафедры морфологии и патологии

Самара

Senior Lecturer, Department of Morphology and Pathology

dinaranizametdinova@mail.ruМедицинский университет «Реавиз»РоссияMedical University "Reaviz"Russian Federation202621042026341id-1014Copyright © Марков И.И., Низаметдинова Д.Р., 20262026Марков И.И., Низаметдинова Д.Р.Markov I.I., Nizametdinova D.R.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/1022ВВЕДЕНИЕ

ВВЕДЕНИЕ. В соответствии с отечественной классификацией энтеральная нервная система (ЭНС) входит в состав метасимпатической системы, объединяющей интрамуральные нервные ганглии различных органов [1]. При этом, нет ни одного положения, касающегося ее морфологии, которое не являлось бы спорным. Прежде всего, это отсутствие достоверной информации о физиологической и репаративной регенерации ЭНС, об участии в ней стволовых клеток, митотически или амитотически делящихся нейробластов, нейробластического резерва и дикарионов или гетерокарионов, образовавшихся путем слияния нейронов и олигодендроцитов.

ЦЕЛЬ

ЦЕЛЬ: доказать наличие нейробластического резерва в ЭНС в постнатальном онтогенезе человека.

МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ

МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Изучены классическими и оригинальными импрегнационными методами аутопсийные фрагменты кишечника новорожденных детей (n=3) и людей I зрелого возраста (n=12).

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ И ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ И ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что дифференцировка чрезмерно избыточной и чрезвычайно гетерогенной популяции нейробластов ЭНС человека продолжается и в постнатальном периоде онтогенеза. В связи с этим в ней формируется резерв, за счет которого постоянно пополняется популяция дифференцированных нейроцитов.

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION. According to the Russian classification, the enteric nervous system (ENS) is part of the metasympathetic system that unites the intramural nerve ganglia of various organs [1]. At the same time, there is not a single provision concerning its morphology that would not be controversial. First of all, this is the lack of reliable information about the physiological and reparative regeneration of the ENS, about the participation in it of stem cells, mitotically or amitotically dividing neuroblasts, neuroblastic reserve and dicaryons or heterokaryons formed by the fusion of neurons and oligodendrocytes.

AIM of the study is to prove the presence of neuroblastic reserve in the ENS in human postnatal ontogenesis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

MATERIALS AND METHODS. Autopsy fragments of the intestines of newborns (n=3) and people of mature age I (n=12) were studied using classical and original impregnation methods.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The data obtained indicate that the differentiation of an markedly abundant and extremely heterogeneous population of human ENS neuroblasts continues in the postnatal period of ontogenesis. In this regard, a reserve is formed in it, due to which the population of differentiated neurocytes is constantly replenished.

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