<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.18(26).02.26-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-116</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>УЛЬТРАСТРУКТУРНЫЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ СТЕНКИ БОЛЬШОЙ ПОДКОЖНОЙ ВЕНЫ ПРИ ВАРИКОЗНОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ ВЕН НИЖНИХ КОНЕЧНОСТЕЙ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ВОЗРАСТА И ДЛИТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE WALL OF THE GREAT SAPHENOUS VEIN AT THE VARICOSE DISEASE OF VEINS OF LOWER LIMBS DEPENDING ON AGE AND ILLNESS DURATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чекмарева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chekmareva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">sogdiana99@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдувосидов</surname><given-names>Х. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abduvosidov</surname><given-names>Kh. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">sogdiana99@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паклина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Paklina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">sogdiana99@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макеева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makeeva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">sogdiana99@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесников</surname><given-names>Л. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnikov</surname><given-names>L. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">sogdiana99@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова; Московский клинический научный центр им. А.С. Логинова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry; Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чекмарева И.А., Абдувосидов Х.А., Паклина О.В., Макеева Е.А., Колесников Л.Л., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чекмарева И.А., Абдувосидов Х.А., Паклина О.В., Макеева Е.А., Колесников Л.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chekmareva I.A., Abduvosidov K.A., Paklina O.V., Makeeva E.A., Kolesnikov L.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/116">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/116</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье изучены особенности ультраструктурных изменений клеточных элементов и соединительнотканного каркаса большой подкожной вены (БПВ) при варикозной болезни в зависимости от длительности заболевания у лиц разного возраста. Проведено светооптическое исследование 133 фрагментов БПВ, иссеченных во время флебэктомии у 19 пациентов, и электронно-микроскопическое исследование 532 препаратов. В зависимости от возраста пациентов выделены четыре возрастные группы: 18-44 лет (лица молодого возраста); 45-59 лет (лица среднего возраста); 60-74 лет (лица пожилого возраста), 75-90 лет (лица старческого возраста). В стенке БПВ лиц молодого возраста с небольшой длительностью заболевания выявлены слабо выраженные патоморфологические изменения, характеризующиеся умеренно выраженной эндотелиальной дисфункцией и незначительной гипертрофией гладких мышечных клеток (ГМК) средней оболочки. В группе лиц среднего возраста кроме возрастных изменений в структуре стенки варикозной расширенной БПВ отмечаются патологические изменения, характерные для длительного течения заболевания с развитием эндотелиальной дисфункции. Усиливается фенотипическая гетерогенность ГМК в средней оболочке и нарушаются коммуникационные связи между измененными клетками. Дезорганизация соединительной ткани приводит к снижению прочности соединительно-тканного каркаса вены. Гипертрофия ГМК, как универсальная компенсаторно-приспособительная реакция клеток, развивается в ответ на усиление функциональной нагрузки при возникших гемодинамических нарушениях в венах нижних конечностей и для компенсации количественного дефицита ГМК в результате их гибели. В пожилом и старческом возрасте длительность варикозной болезни составляет более 10 лет, в среднем - до 25-30 лет. Количество деструктивно измененных ГМК возрастает, прогрессируют дегенеративные процессы и склеротические изменения. Проведенный ультраструктурный анализ биоптатов показал, что на начальной стадии развития варикозной болезни у лиц молодого возраста с небольшой длительностью варикозной болезни морфологические изменения в строении стенки БПВ выражены слабо. С увеличением возраста пациента и длительности заболевания изменения в БПВ прогрессируют. Инволютивные дегенеративно-дистрофические изменения наиболее выражены у пациентов старше 60 лет и являются усугубляющим фактором в течении варикозной трансформации стенки БПВ. В пожилом и старческом возрасте компенсаторные возможности клеток снижаются, прогрессируют склеротически-дегенеративные изменения в стенке БПВ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was features of ultrastructural changes in cellular elements and connective tissue carcass of the great saphenous vein (GSV) at varicose disease in depending on the duration of the disease in persons of different ages. An examination by light microscopy of 133 fragments of BPV, excised during phlebectomy in 19 patients, and an electron microscopic examination of 532 preparations were performed. Depending on the age of the patients, four age groups was distinguished: 18-44 years old (young people); 45-59 years (middle-aged people); 60-74 years old (the elderly), 75-90 years old (persons of senile age). In the wall of the GSV of young people with a small duration of the disease, there were poorly expressed pathomorphological changes characterized by moderately expressed endothelial dysfunction and minor hypertrophy of smooth muscle cells (SMC) of the middle shell. In the group of middle-aged people, in addition to age-related changes in the structure of the wall of varicose dilated GSV, pathological changes are noted that are characteristic of the long course of the disease with the development of endothelial dysfunction. The phenotypic heterogeneity of the SMC in the middle shell intensifies, and the communication links between them is altered. Disorganization of connective tissue leads to a decrease in the strength of the connective tissue vein skeleton. Hypertrophy of SMC, as a universal compensatory-adaptive response of cells, develops in response to an increase in functional load with hemodynamic disturbances in the veins of the lower limbs and to compensate for the quantitative deficiency of SMC as a result of their death. In elderly and senile age the duration of varicose disease is more than 10 years, on average - up to 25-30 years. The number of destructively altered SMC is increasing, degenerative processes and sclerotic changes are progressing. The ultrastructural analysis of biopsies showed that at the initial stage of development of varicose disease in young people with a small duration of varicose disease, morphological changes in the structure of the GSV wall are poorly expressed. With the increase in the age of the patient and the duration of the disease, changes in GSV are progressed. Involute degenerative-dystrophic changes are most pronounced in patients over 60 years of age and are an aggravating factor during varicose transformation of the GSV wall. In elderly and senile age, the compensatory possibilities of the cells decrease, the sclerotic degenerative changes in the wall of the GSV are progressed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>большая подкожная вена</kwd><kwd>варикозная болезнь</kwd><kwd>ультраструктурные изменения</kwd><kwd>возрастные изменения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>great saphenous vein</kwd><kwd>varicose disease</kwd><kwd>ultrastructural changes</kwd><kwd>age-related changes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Phlebology: A guide for doctors/ Saveliev V.S., Gologorgsky V.A., Kirienko A.I. and others: Ed. V.S. Saveliev. M.: Medicine, 2001.- 664pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Phlebology: A guide for doctors/ Saveliev V.S., Gologorgsky V.A., Kirienko A.I. and others: Ed. V.S. Saveliev. M.: Medicine, 2001.- 664pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clinical Angiology: Manual/ Ed. A.V. Pokrovsky. In two volumes. T. 2.- M.: Publishing House «Medicine», 2004.- 888pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clinical Angiology: Manual/ Ed. A.V. Pokrovsky. In two volumes. T. 2.- M.: Publishing House «Medicine», 2004.- 888pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shvalb P.G., Ukhov U.I. Pathology of venous return from the lower limbs.- Ryazan, 2009.- 152pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shvalb P.G., Ukhov U.I. Pathology of venous return from the lower limbs.- Ryazan, 2009.- 152pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guide of gerontology and geriatrics: in 4 volumes/ Ed. V.Yarygin and A.S. Melentiev.- M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2010.- T.I. Fundamentals of Gerontology. General geriatrics.- 720pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guide of gerontology and geriatrics: in 4 volumes/ Ed. V.Yarygin and A.S. Melentiev.- M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2010.- T.I. Fundamentals of Gerontology. General geriatrics.- 720pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morozov K.M., Abalmasov K.G., Serov R.A., Krylova R.G. Morphological changes in femoral vein wall structure in presence of persistent vertical reflux// Vestnik Rossijskoy Akademii meditzinskikh nauk.- 2005.- № 4.- S. 81-85.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morozov K.M., Abalmasov K.G., Serov R.A., Krylova R.G. Morphological changes in femoral vein wall structure in presence of persistent vertical reflux// Vestnik Rossijskoy Akademii meditzinskikh nauk.- 2005.- № 4.- S. 81-85.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shaidakov EV, Bulatov VL, Chumasov EI, Petrova E.S. Structural features of the varicose veins of the large saphenous vein in patients of different age groups// News of surgery. 2014;22(5):560-567.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shaidakov EV, Bulatov VL, Chumasov EI, Petrova E.S. Structural features of the varicose veins of the large saphenous vein in patients of different age groups// News of surgery. 2014;22(5):560-567.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Travers JP, Brookes CE, Evans J et al. Assessment of wall structure and composition of varicose veins with reference to collagen, elastin and smooth muscle content. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 1996;11:230-237.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Travers JP, Brookes CE, Evans J et al. Assessment of wall structure and composition of varicose veins with reference to collagen, elastin and smooth muscle content. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 1996;11:230-237.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mahmoud A. WALI and Refaat A. EID. 538 Intimal Changes in Varicose Veins: an Ultrastructural Study. J Smooth Muscle Res. 2002; 38(3):63-74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mahmoud A. WALI and Refaat A. EID. 538 Intimal Changes in Varicose Veins: an Ultrastructural Study. J Smooth Muscle Res. 2002; 38(3):63-74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zotova L.A. Histomechanical characteristics of the wall long saphenous vein in the varicose veins. Avtoreferat diss. kand. med. nauk. M, 1973.- 20s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zotova L.A. Histomechanical characteristics of the wall long saphenous vein in the varicose veins. Avtoreferat diss. kand. med. nauk. M, 1973.- 20s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Badier-Commander C, Couvelard A, Henin D et al. Smooth muscle cell modulation and cytokine overproduction in varicose veins. An in situ study. J Pathol. 2001;193:398-407.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Badier-Commander C, Couvelard A, Henin D et al. Smooth muscle cell modulation and cytokine overproduction in varicose veins. An in situ study. J Pathol. 2001;193:398-407.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
