morphoМорфологические ведомостиMorphological newsletter1812-31712686-8741Private Medical University REAVIZ10.20340/mv-mn.2018.26(3):37-40morpho-136Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯRESEARCH ARTICLESОТНОШЕНИЕ ТОЛЩИНЫ МИЕЛИНОВОЙ ОБОЛОЧКИ АКСОНА К ЕГО ДИАМЕТРУ В НЕРВНЫХ ВОЛОКНАХ МЫШЕЧНО-КОЖНОГО НЕРВА В ПРЕНАТАЛЬНОМ ОНТОГЕНЕЗЕTHE RATIO OF THE THICKNESS OF MYELIN SHEATH OF THE AXON TO ITS DIAMETER IN NERVOUS FIBERS OF THE MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE IN THE PRENATAL ONTOGENESISГусейноваГ. А.GuseinovaG. A.gulqiz65@mail.ruАзербайджанский медицинский университетRussian Federation2018300920182633740Copyright © Гусейнова Г.А., 20182018Гусейнова Г.А.Guseinova G.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/136

Выполняя изоляторную функцию, миелиновая оболочка покрывает осевой цилиндр, который непосредственно участвует в проведении нервного импульса. В ряде исследований было уделено большое внимание на соотношение миелиновой оболочки аксона к его диаметру и высказаны противоречивые мнения. Цель исследования - изучение под электронным микроскопом соотношений толщины миелиновой оболочки к диаметру осевого цилиндра волокон мышечно-кожного нерва в пренатальном онтогенезе. Кусочки мышечно-кожного нерва у 6-9 месячных плодов количеством 63 и длиной 10 мм, которые были взяты в течение 90 минут после момента смерти. Принципы устройства миелинового волокна для всех этапов пренатального онтогенеза одинаковы, у доношенного новорождённого происходит рост общего диаметра миелинового волокна за счёт утолщения миелиновой оболочки и диаметра осевого цилиндра. Между толщиной миелиновой оболочки и диаметром осевого цилиндра имеется прямолинейная коррелятивная связь. В отдельных случаях отмечаются расхождения от общей закономерности: волокна с тонкой миелиновой оболочкой имеют аксоны с большим диаметром или наоборот. Это особенность характерна для волокон в более ранних этапах процесса миелинизации и связана с сохранением цитоплазматических структур между прослойками липопротеиновых пластин.

Performing an insulator function, the myelin sheath covers the axial cylinder, which is involved in conducting a nerve impulse. In the course of some research, great attention was paid to the relationship between the of the thickness of myelin sheath of the axon to its diameter and were the statements of contradictory opinions. The purpose of the study is evaluation of the ratio of the thickness of myelin sheath of the axon to its diameter in nervous fibers of the musculocutaneous nerve in the prenatal ontogenesis. The pieces of the musculocutaneous nerve in 6-9 month old fruits a length of 63 mm and a length of 10 mm were got. The principles of the structure of myelinated fiber for all stages of prenatal ontogenesis are the same and in a full-term newborn the growth of common myelinated fiber occurs due to thickening of the myelin sheath and the growth of the axial cylinder. Between of the thickness of the myelin sheath and the diameter of the axial cylinder there is a straight line correlative relationship. In some cases, there are discrepancies in the general pattern: fibers with a thin myelin sheath have axons with large diameters or vice versa. This is a characteristic feature of the fibers in the earlier stages of the process of myelination and associated with preservation of cytoplasmic structures between the layers of lipoprotein plates.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.