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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2020.28(3):51-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-426</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МОРФОГЕНЕЗ НЕПАРАЗИТАРНЫХ КИСТ ПЕЧЕНИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE MORPHOGENESIS OF NONPARASITIC LIVER CYSTS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фрейнд</surname><given-names>Генриетта Герхардовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Freynd</surname><given-names>Genrietta G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой патологической анатомии с секционным курсом Пермского государственного медицинского университета имени академика Е.А. Вагнера; врач-патологоанатом Пермского краевого клинического диспансера</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Pathological Anatomy with a sectional course of the Academician Wagner Perm State Medical University; Pathologist of the Perm Regional Clinical Dispensary</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gfreynd@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Живаева</surname><given-names>Елена Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhivaeva</surname><given-names>Elena V</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры патологической анатомии с секционным курсом Пермского государственного медицинского университета имени академика Е.А. Вагнера</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Department of Pathological Anatomy with a sectional course of the Academician Wagner Perm State Medical University</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhivaeva.e@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Пермский государственный медицинский университет имени академика Е.А. Вагнера; Пермский краевой клинический диспансер, Пермь</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academician Wagner Perm State Medical University; Perm Regional Clinical Dispensary, Perm</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Пермский государственный медицинский университет имени академика Е.А. Вагнера, Пермь</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academician Wagner Perm State Medical University; Perm</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фрейнд Г.Г., Живаева Е.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фрейнд Г.Г., Живаева Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Freynd G.G., Zhivaeva E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/426">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/426</self-uri><abstract><p>В результате внедрения в клиническую практику визуализационных методов исследования значительно возросла частота выявления полостных образований печени, среди которых недостаточно изучены непаразитарные кисты. В работе представлен обзор наиболее часто использующихся классификаций данной патологии. Исследованы клинико-рентгенологические проявления кист на основании анализа результатов компьютерной томографии, магнитно-резонансной томографии и ультразвуковой сонографии 175 больных (109 с солитарными кистами и 66 с поликистозом печени). Ггистологическими и иммуногистохимическими методами изучены ткани резецированных участков 81 кисты и прилежащей ткани печени. Выявлены различные варианты кист печени: поликистоз, солитарные кисты и наиболее редко встречающийся вариант – реснитчатые передне-кишечные печеночные кисты. Описаны морфологические и гистогенетические особенности солитарных и реснитчатых передне-кишечных печеночных кист, а также изменения прилежащей к полостям ткани печени. Для поликистоза характерно наличие полостей различных размеров, с тонкими соединительнотканными перегородками и выстилкой кубическим или уплощенным эпителием. Выстилка солитарных кист представлена кубическим, цилиндрическим, иногда - многорядным эпителием. В их стенке среди клеток соединительной ткани выявляются незрелые билиарные структуры в виде комплексов фон Мейенбурга, островки гепатоцитов, конгломераты диспластичных сосудов. Реснитчатые передне-кишечные печеночные кисты содержат компоненты стенки первичной кишки – выстилку цилиндрическим мерцательным эпителием, слой рыхлой соединительной ткани, мышечный слой, соединительнотканную капсулу. Морфологические исследования позволили установить нарушения эмбриогенеза при различных вариантах кист. Реснитчатые передне-кишечные печеночные кисты развиваются из переднего отдела первичной кишки, в то время как солитарные кисты являются производными ее среднего отдела. Миграция формирующихся зачатков бронхиол из краниального отдела первичной средней кишки в печеночный дивертикул обуславливает наличие всех компонентов стенки полого органа – цилиндрического мерцательного эпителия, рыхлой соединительной ткани, пучков гладкомышечных волокон. Простые солитарные кисты являются результатом нарушения ремоделирования эмбриональной дуктальной пластинки, являясь, таким образом, аномалией развития среднего отдела первичной средней кишки. При морфологическом исследовании прилежащей к стенкам кист ткани печени обнаруживаются гипоплазия долек, персистенция элементов эмбриональной дуктальной пластинки в виде тяжей и комплексов билиарного эпителия, фокусы дуктопении, комплексы фон Мейенбурга, различные варианты дисплазии сосудов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>As a result of the introduction of imaging research methods into clinical practice, the frequency of detection of cavities in the liver has significantly increased, among which nonparasitic cysts have not been sufficiently studied. The paper provides an overview of the most commonly used classifications of this pathology. Clinical and radiological manifestations of cysts were investigated based on the analysis of the results of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound sonography of 175 patients (109 with solitary cysts and 66 with polycystic liver). The tissues of the resected areas of 81 cysts and adjacent liver tissue were studied by histological and immune-histochemical methods. Various variants of liver cysts were identified: polycystic cysts, solitary cysts and the rarest variant - ciliated anterior-intestinal hepatic cysts. The morphological and histogenetic features of solitary and ciliated anterior-intestinal hepatic cysts, as well as changes in the liver tissue adjacent to the cavities, are described. Polycystic is characterized by the presence of cavities of various sizes, with thin connective tissue partitions and a lining of cubic or flattened epithelium. The lining of solitary cysts is represented by cubic, cylindrical, sometimes multi-row epithelium. Immature biliary structures in the form of von Meijenburg complexes, islets of hepatocytes, conglomerates of dysplastic vessels are revealed in their wall among the cells of connective tissue. Ciliated anterior-intestinal hepatic cysts contain components of the primary intestine wall - a lining of a cylindrical ciliated epithelium, a layer of loose connective tissue, a muscle layer, a connective tissue capsule. Morphological studies made it possible to establish violations of embryogenesis in various types of cysts. Ciliated anterior intestinal hepatic cysts develop from the anterior section of the primary intestine, while solitary cysts are derived from its middle section. Migration of the developing buds of bronchioles from the cranial part of the primary midgut into the hepatic diverticulum determines the presence of all components of the wall of the hollow organ - cylindrical ciliated epithelium, loose connective tissue, bundles of smooth muscle fibers. Simple solitary cysts are the result of abnormal remodeling of the embryonic ductal lamina, thus being a developmental abnormality of the middle section of the primary midgut. Morphological examination of the liver tissue adjacent to the walls of the cysts reveals hypoplasia of lobules, persistence of elements of the embryonic ductal plate in the form of cords and complexes of the biliary epithelium, foci of ductopenia, von Meijenburg complexes, and various variants of vascular dysplasia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>печень</kwd><kwd>солитарные кисты печени</kwd><kwd>поликистоз печени</kwd><kwd>реснитчатые передне-кишечные печеночные кисты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>liver</kwd><kwd>solitary liver cysts</kwd><kwd>polycystic liver disease</kwd><kwd>ciliated anterior-intestinal hepatic cysts</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McLennan MT. Bosman FT, Carneiro F, Hruban RH, Theise ND. et al., editors. WHO Classification of Tumors of the Digestive System. 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