<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2020.28(4):441</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-441</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ПАТОМОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО АНАЛИЗА СТЕНКИ МОЧЕВОГО ПУЗЫРЯ ПРИ ИНТЕРСТИЦИАЛЬНОМ ЦИСТИТЕ ИЛИ СИНДРОМЕ БОЛЕЗНЕННОГО МОЧЕВОГО ПУЗЫРЯ В ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE RESULTS OF A PATOMORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE BLADDER WALL AT THE INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS OR PAINFUL BLADDER SYNDROME IN AN EXPERIMENT</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1047-167X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шолан</surname><given-names>Рашад Фархад оглы</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sholan</surname><given-names>Rashad F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением болезней почек и трансплантации</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">ittihaf@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский лечебно-диагностический центр Министерства здравоохранения Азербайджанской Республики, Баку</institution><country>Азербайджан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Medical and Diagnostic Center of the Ministry of Health of the Azerbaijan Republic, Baku</institution><country>Azerbaijan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шолан Р.Ф., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шолан Р.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sholan R.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/441">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/441</self-uri><abstract><p>Этиология и патогенез синдрома болезненного мочевого пузыря или интерстициального цистита не до конца выяснена. Для лучшего понимания патогенеза заболевания созданы его экспериментальные модели на животных. Предполагается, что гистопатологические особенности воспалительной реакции стенки мочевого пузыря могут играть важную роль в прогнозирующем моделировании симптомов интерстициального цистита. Установлено, что в образцах препаратов мочевого пузыря при интерстициальном цистите наблюдается увеличение количества функционально активных тучных клеток, как частично, так и полностью дегранулированных. Однако убедительные доказательства того, что тучные клетки могут служить клеточными маркерами этого заболевания отсутствуют. Цель исследования - идентификация клеток воспаления в гистологических препаратах слизистой оболочки мочевого пузыря в 3-х экспериментальных моделях интерстициального цистита. Исследование проведено на 37 кроликах-самках. Экспериментальным животным вводили в полость мочевого пузыря протамин сульфат (1-я группа); в стенку мочевого пузыря мочу, взятую из мочевого пузыря (2-я группа); в стенку мочевого пузыря 0,9% раствор NaCl (3-я группа). 4-я группа животных была интактной. Через 14 дней после моделирования животных выводили из эксперимента, производили цистэктомию, готовили препараты стенки мочевого пузыря и гистологические срезы. Среднее число всех типов лейкоцитов в тканях стенки мочевого пузыря животных 1-й группы превышало таковое в остальных группах (р&lt;0,001). Тучные клетки определялись в препаратах 1-й и 2-й групп, во 2-й группе их количество было в 25 раз выше, чем в 1-й группе (р&lt;0,001). У животных 1-й группы отмечалась воспалительная инфильтрация стенки мочевого пузыря лимфоцитами и нейтрофилами. Во 2-й группе инфильтрация стенки мочевого пузыря клетками воспаления ассоциировалась с большим числом тучных клеток. В препаратах животных 3-й группы выявлялся отек, единичные лимфоциты и нейтрофилы. Полученные данные вносят определенный вклад в исследование и понимание механизмов воспалительных процессов при интерстициальном цистите.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The etiology and pathogenesis of painful bladder syndrome or interstitial cystitis is not fully understood. For a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease, experimental animal models have been created. It is assumed that the histopathological features of the inflammatory response of the bladder wall may play an important role in predictive modeling of the symptoms of interstitial cystitis. It was found that in samples of bladder preparations with interstitial cystitis, an increase in the number of functionally active mast cells, both partially and completely degranulated, is observed. However, there is no convincing evidence that mast cells can serve as cell markers for this disease. The aim of the investigation was to identify cells of inflammation in histological preparations of the urinary bladder mucosa in 3 experimental models of interstitial cystitis. The study was carried out on 37 female rabbits. Experimental animals were injected into the bladder cavity with protamine sulfate (1st group); into the wall of the bladder urine taken from the bladder (2nd group); into the wall of the bladder 0.9% NaCl solution (3rd group). The 4th group of animals was intact. 14 days after the injections, the animals were taken out of the experiment, cystectomy was performed, preparations of the bladder wall and histological sections were prepared. The average number of all types of leukocytes in the tissues of the urinary bladder wall of animals of the 1st group exceeded that in the remaining groups (p &lt;0.001). Mast cells were detected in the preparations of the 1st and 2nd groups, in the 2nd group their number was 25 times higher than in the 1st group (p &lt;0.001). In animals of the 1st group, inflammatory infiltration of the bladder wall with lymphocytes and neutrophils was noted. In 2nd group, infiltration of the bladder wall with inflammatory cells was associated with a large number of mast cells. In the preparations of animals of the 3rd group, edema, single lymphocytes and neutrophils were detected. The data obtained make a certain contribution to the study and understanding of the mechanisms of inflammatory processes in interstitial cystitis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мочевой пузырь</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>интерстициальный цистит</kwd><kwd>синдром болезненного мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>экспериментальные модели</kwd><kwd>тучные клетки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urinary bladder</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>interstitial cystitis</kwd><kwd>painful bladder syndrome</kwd><kwd>experimental models</kwd><kwd>mast cells</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McLennan MT. Interstitial cystitis: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation. Obstet. Gynecol. Clin. North Am. 2014;41:385–395. DOI: 10.1016/j.ogc.2014.05.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McLennan MT. Interstitial cystitis: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation. Obstet. Gynecol. Clin. North Am. 2014;41:385–395. DOI: 10.1016/j.ogc.2014.05.004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mirkin YaB, Karapetyan AV, Shumov SYu. Interstitsial'nyy tsistit: diskussiya o patogeneze, diagnostike i lechenii. Chast' 1 – patogenez. Eksperimental'naya i klinicheskaya urologiya. 2017;4:96-100.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mirkin YaB, Karapetyan AV, Shumov SYu. Interstitsial'nyy tsistit: diskussiya o patogeneze, diagnostike i lechenii. Chast' 1 – patogenez. Eksperimental'naya i klinicheskaya urologiya. 2017;4:96-100. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Onopko VF, Kirilenko EA, Baranova EO, Golubeva VS. Interstitsial'nyy tsistit ili sindrom boleznennogo mochevogo puzyrya: sovremennyy vzglyad na problemu. Acta Biomedica Scientifica. 2016;1(1):65-69. https://doi.org/10.12737/21489</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Onopko VF, Kirilenko EA, Baranova EO, Golubeva VS. Interstitsial'nyy tsistit ili sindrom boleznennogo mochevogo puzyrya: sovremennyy vzglyad na problemu. Acta Biomedica Scientifica. 2016;1(1):65-69. https://doi.org/10.12737/21489.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Birder L, Andersson K-E. Animal Modelling of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome. Int Neurourol J. 2018;22:3-59. https://doi.org/10.5213/inj.1835062.531</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Birder L, Andersson K-E. Animal Modelling of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome. Int Neurourol J. 2018;22(Suppl 1):S3-59. https://doi.org/10.5213/inj.1835062.531.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bjorling DE, Wang ZY, Bushman W. Models of inflammation of the lower urinary tract. Neurourol Urodyn. 2011;30:673–682. DOI: 10.1002/nau.21078</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bjorling DE, Wang ZY, Bushman W. Models of inflammation of the lower urinary tract. Neurourol Urodyn. 2011;30:673–682. doi: 10.1002/nau.21078.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Buffington T, Ruggieri MR, Klumpp D. Interstitial cystitis: Animal models. In Bladder Pain Syndrome - An Evolution. Springer International Publishing. 2017:33-36. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61449-6_6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Buffington T, Ruggieri MR, Klumpp D. Interstitial cystitis: Animal models. In Bladder Pain Syndrome - An Evolution. Springer International Publishing. 2017:33-36. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61449-6_6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kwon W-A. Animal Model of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome. Int Neurourol J. 2018;22:1-2. https://doi.org/10.5213/inj.1820edi.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kwon W-A. Animal Model of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome. Int Neurourol J. 2018;22(Suppl 1):S1-2. https://doi.org/10.5213/inj.1820edi.001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fang Z, Xu K. Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome: a Review and an Update. Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports. 2016;11(4):391–398. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11884-016-0387-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fang Z, Xu K. Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome: a Review and an Update. Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports 2016;11(4):391–398. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11884-016-0387-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu H-T, Kuo H-C. Biomarkers for patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. Urological Science. 2015;26(4):225-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urols.2015.02.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu H-T, Kuo H-C. Biomarkers for patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. Urological Science. 2015;26(4):225-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urols.2015.02.002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">National Research Council (US) Committee for the Update of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. 8th edition. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US). The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. 2011:246. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17226/12910</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">National Research Council (US) Committee for the Update of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. 8th edition. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2011. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. 246 р. doi: https://doi.org/10.17226/12910.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sand PK. Proposed pathogenesis of painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis. J Reprod Med. 2006;51(3):234-240.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sand PK. Proposed pathogenesis of painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis. J Reprod Med. 2006;51(3 Suppl):234-240.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mutsaddi S, Kotrashetti VS, Nayak RS, Pattanshetty SM. Comparison of histochemical staining techniques for detecting mast cells in oral lesions. Biotech Histochem. 2019;15:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/10520295.2019.1597986</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mutsaddi S, Kotrashetti VS, Nayak RS, Pattanshetty SM. Comparison of histochemical staining techniques for detecting mast cells in oral lesions. Biotech Histochem. 2019;15:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/10520295.2019.1597986.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bayrak O, Seckiner I, Solakhan M, Karakok M, Erturhan SM, Yagci F. Effects of intravesical dexpanthenol use on lipid peroxidation and bladder histology in a chemical cystitis animal model. Urology. 2012;79:1023–1026. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.01.025.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bayrak O, Seckiner I, Solakhan M, Karakok M, Erturhan SM, Yagci F. Effects of intravesical dexpanthenol use on lipid peroxidation and bladder histology in a chemical cystitis animal model. Urology. 2012;79:1023–1026. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.01.025.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang X, Liu W, O'Donnell M, Lutgendorf S, Bradley C, Schrepf A, Liu L, Kreder K, Luo Y. Evidence for the Role of Mast Cells in Cystitis-Associated Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain Research Network Animal Model Study. PLoS One. 2016;11(12):e0168772. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0168772</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang X, Liu W, O'Donnell M, Lutgendorf S, Bradley C, Schrepf A, Liu L, Kreder K, Luo Y. Evidence for the Role of Mast Cells in Cystitis-Associated Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain Research Network Animal Model Study. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(12):e0168772. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0168772</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sant GR, Kempuraj D, Marchand JE, Theoharides TC. The Mast Cell in Interstitial Cystitis: Role in Pathophysiology and Pathogenesis. Urology. 2007;69(4A):34-40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sant GR, Kempuraj D, Marchand JE, Theoharides TC. The Mast Cell in Interstitial Cystitis: Role in Pathophysiology and Pathogenesis. UROLOGY. 2007;69 (Suppl 4A): 34-40.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dahlin JS, Hallgren J. Mast cell progenitors: origin, development and migration to tissues. Mol. Immunol. 2015;63:9–17. DOI:10.1016/j.molimm.2014.01.018</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dahlin JS, Hallgren J. Mast cell progenitors: origin, development and migration to tissues. Mol. Immunol. 2015;63:9–17. DOI:10.1016/j.molimm.2014.01.018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
