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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2021.29(1).69-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-442</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ МОДЕЛИ ГИПОТИРЕОЗА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>EXPERIMENTAL MODELS OF THE HYPOTHYROIDISM</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2712-0227</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чаулин</surname><given-names>Алексей Михайлович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chaulin</surname><given-names>Aleksey M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры гистологии и эмбриологии Самарского государственного медицинского университета, врач клинико-диагностической лаборатории Самарского областного клинического кардиологического диспансера имени В.П. Полякова</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Post-graduate student of the Department of Histology and Embryology of the Samara State Medical University, Doctor of Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory of the Polyakov Samara Regional Clinical Cardiology Dispensary</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alekseymichailovich22976@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7228-1003</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>Юлия Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigorieva</surname><given-names>Julia V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры гистологии и эмбриологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Docent, Associate Professor of the Department of Histology and Embryology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">histology@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суворова</surname><given-names>Галина Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suvorova</surname><given-names>Galina N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой гистологии и эмбриологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gsuvmed@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский государственный медицинский университет,&#13;
Самарский областной клинический кардиологический диспансер имени В.П. Полякова, Самара</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University, Polyakov Samara Regional Clinical Cardiology Dispensary, Samara</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский государственный медицинский университет, Самара</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University, Samara</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чаулин А.М., Григорьева Ю.В., Суворова Г.Н., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чаулин А.М., Григорьева Ю.В., Суворова Г.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chaulin A.M., Grigorieva J.V., Suvorova G.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/442">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/442</self-uri><abstract><p>Гипотиреоз считается системным хроническим заболеванием, возникающим в результате дефицита гормонов щитовидной железы (тиреоидных гормонов): трийодтиронина и тетрайодтиронина (тироксина). Мишенями тиреоидных гормонов являются практически все органы и ткани организма человека, что объясняет многообразие клинических проявлений, возникающих при дефиците данных гормонов. В последнее время фундаментальные исследования посредством использования экспериментальные моделей приобрели большую актуальность и позволили получить ряд новых морфологических и функциональных изменений, возникающих при гипотиреозе. В настоящем обзоре рассмотрены основные экспериментальные модели гипотиреоза: хирургическая, радиоактивная, диетическая, введение антитиреоидных веществ и генетическая модель. Основной принцип хирургической модели гипотиреоза заключается в удалении щитовидной железы. Радиоактивная модель основана на введении лабораторным животным радиоактивного изотопа йода. Диетическая модель основана на использовании специальной диеты с ограниченным количеством йода. Лекарственная модель основана на введении антитиреоидных препаратов - метилимидазола и пропилтиоурацила. Принцип генетической модели заключается в специальных генетических манипуляциях с геномом лабораторных животных. Обсуждаются преимущества и недостатки каждой модели. Использование сложного оборудования приблизило специалистов к более полному и целостному пониманию морфологических и функциональных проявлений гипотиреоза. Исследования на экспериментальных моделях представляют собой важный инструмент в плане получении информации для выяснения механизмов, лежащих в основе гипотиреоза, и, как следствие, улучшения профилактических и лечебно-диагностических стратегий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Hypothyroidism is a systemic chronic disease that occurs as a result of a deficiency of thyroid hormones (thyroid hormones): triiodothyronine and tetraiodothyronine (thyroxine). Targets of thyroid hormones are almost all organs and tissues of the human body, which explains the variety of clinical manifestations that occur when these hormones are deficient. Recently, basic research through the use of experimental models has become more relevant and allowed us to obtain a number of new morphological and functional changes that occur in hypothyroidism. This review discusses the main experimental models of hypothyroidism: surgical, radioactive, dietary, anti-thyroid administration and genetics’ model. The main principle of the surgical model of hypothyroidism is to remove the thyroid gland. The radioactive model is based on the introduction of a radioactive isotope of iodine to laboratory animals. The dietary model is based on the use of a special diet with a limited amount of iodine. The drug model is based on the introduction of antithyroid drugs - methylimidazole and propylthiouracil. The principle of the genetic model consists in special genetic manipulations with the genome of laboratory animals. The advantages and disadvantages of each model are discussed. The use of sophisticated equipment has brought specialists closer to a more complete and holistic understanding of the morphological and functional manifestations of hypothyroidism. Researching of experimental models is an important tool in relation to the studying of the mechanisms underlying hypothyroidism and, as a result, in improving prevention and treatment-diagnostic strategies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гипотиреоз</kwd><kwd>щитовидная железа</kwd><kwd>экспериментальные модели</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypothyroidism</kwd><kwd>thyroid gland</kwd><kwd>experimental models</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chiovato L, Magri F, Carlé A. Hypothyroidism in Context: Where We've Been and Where We're Going. Adv Ther. 2019;36(Suppl 2):47-58. 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