<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2021.29(1).20-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-472</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МОРФОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЕ ПАРАМЕТРЫ И ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТОПОГРАФИИ ЦЕНТРА ПРОМЕЖНОСТИ ЧЕЛОВЕКА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS AND FEATURES OF THE TOPOGRAPHY OF HUMAN PERINEAL BODY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4144-7090</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колсанов</surname><given-names>Александр Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolsanov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, ректор, заведующий кафедрой оперативной хирургии, клинической анатомии с курсом инновационных технологий</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Rector, Head of the Department of Operative Surgery, Clinical Anatomy with a course of innovative technologies</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avkolsanov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9843-1065</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чемидронов</surname><given-names>Сергей Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chemidronov</surname><given-names>Sergey N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой анатомии человека</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Docent, Head of the Department of Human Anatomy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gfrs@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3380-1958</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корнилов</surname><given-names>Вадим Дмитриевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kornilov</surname><given-names>Vadim D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент 5 курса лечебного факультета, специальность «лечебное дело»</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5th year student of the Faculty of Medicine of GP specialty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vadimkorn2007@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0462-1344</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суворова</surname><given-names>Галина Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suvorova</surname><given-names>Galina N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой гистологии и эмбриологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gsuvmed@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский государственный медицинский университет, Самара</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University, Samara</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колсанов А.В., Чемидронов С.Н., Корнилов В.Д., Суворова Г.Н., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колсанов А.В., Чемидронов С.Н., Корнилов В.Д., Суворова Г.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolsanov A.V., Chemidronov S.N., Kornilov V.D., Suvorova G.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/472">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/472</self-uri><abstract><p>В современной специализированной литературе практически отсутствует информация о формах, размерах и топографии одного из важнейших образований промежности – центра промежности. Знание аспектов строения и расположения промежностного центра позволили бы в будущем сократить послеоперационные осложнения, связанные с его непреднамеренным повреждением. Актуальным остается вопрос морфологии промежностного центра и ассоциированных с ним мышц в клинической практике при акушерском травматизме. Целью исследования являлось изучение морфометрических параметров и особенностей топографии центра промежности человека. Объектом исследования стали 50 случаев вскрытия возраста 60-87 лет, по 25 случаев каждого пола лиц, умерших от причин, не связанных с патологией органов малого таза. В каждом случае был выделен центр промежности и связанные с ним мышцы. В работе использованы методы классического анатомического препарирования, описания и статистического анализа. В результате работы были выделены пять форм центра промежности: крестообразная, форма «песочных» часов, треугольная, округлая, полигональная. Были также обнаружены случаи, когда определить форму пересечения волокон не представлялось возможным. У мужчин наиболее часто встречалась треугольная форма, у женщин - форма «песочных часов». В большинстве случаев, в которых форма пересечения волокон была определена, имелись четко идентифицируемые сухожильные волокна, то есть присутствовал сухожильный центр промежности. Средняя площадь сухожильного центра промежности у женщин составила 0,99±0,47 см², а у мужчин 0,94±0,32 см². Соотношение случаев смещения центра в сторону правого или левого седалищных бугров практически равное 10 случаев в сторону правого седалищного бугра и 11 случаев в сторону левого. При оценке лобково-копчиковой асимметрии в большинстве случаев при треугольной форме имеется резкое смещение в сторону верхушки копчика. Также авторами установлено, что средняя площадь сухожильного центра промежности у женщин больше, чем у мужчин. Таким образом, центр промежности человека обладает разнообразием форм, по мнению авторов, связанных не только с эмбриологическими особенностями развития мышц промежности, но и с образом жизни, наличием в анамнезе заболеваний и оперативных вмешательств в области центра промежности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In modern specialized literature, there is practically no information about the shape, size and topography of one of the most important formations of the perineum - of the perineal body. Knowledge of the anatomical aspects of the structure and location of the perineal center would allow in the future to reduce the postoperative complications associated with unintentional damage. The question of the morphology of the perineal body and associated muscles in clinical practice in obstetric traumatism remains relevant. The aim of the study was to study the morphometric parameters and features of the topography of the human perineal body. The objects of the study were 50 autopsy cases of people aged 60-87 years, 25 of each sex, who died from causes not related to the pathology of the pelvic organs. In each case, the perineal body, location of its center and associated muscles were identified. Methods of classical anatomical preparation, description and statistical analysis were used in the work. As a result of the work, five forms of the perineal body were identified: cruciform, «hourglass», triangular, round, polygonal. There were also cases where it was not possible to determine the shape of the intersection of the fibers. For men, the most common triangular shape, for women - the shape of an «hourglass». In most cases in which the shape of the intersection of the fibers was determined, there were clearly identifiable tendon fibers, that is, the tendinal center of the perineal body was present. The average area of ​​the tendinal center of the perineal body in women was 0.99±0.47 cm², and in men 0.94±0.32 cm². The ratio of cases of displacement of the tendinal center towards the right or left ischial tuberosities is almost equal to 10 cases towards the right ischial tuberosity and 11 cases towards the left. When evaluating the pubo-coccygeal asymmetry, in most cases with a triangular shape, there is a sharp displacement towards the apex of the coccyx. Also, the authors found that the average area of ​​the tendinal center of the perineal body is larger in women than in men. Thus, the human perineal body has a variety of forms, according to the authors, associated not only with the embryological features of the development of the muscles of the perineum, but also with the lifestyle, a history of diseases and surgical interventions in the area of ​​the tendinal center of the perineal body.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>промежность</kwd><kwd>тело промежности</kwd><kwd>сухожильный центр тела промежности</kwd><kwd>половые различия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>perineum</kwd><kwd>perineal body</kwd><kwd>tendinal center of the perineal body</kwd><kwd>sexual differences</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chemidronov SN, Nikolenko VN, Kolsanov AV, Suvorova GN, Kornilov VD. Terminologicheskie aspekty morfologii centra promezhnosti cheloveka i svjazannyh s nim myshc. Nauka i innovacii v medicine. 2020;5(4):220-225. doi:10.35693/2500-1388-2020-5-4-220-225</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chemidronov SN, Nikolenko VN, Kolsanov AV, Suvorova GN, Kornilov VD. Terminologicheskie aspekty morfologii centra promezhnosti cheloveka i svjazannyh s nim myshc. Nauka i innovacii v medicine. 2020;5(4):220-225. doi:10.35693/2500-1388-2020-5-4-220-225</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Netter F. Atlas anatomii cheloveka. Per. s angl. pod red. Kolesnikova L.L. 6-e izd. Moskva: GE'OTAR-Media, 2018.- 624s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Netter F. Atlas anatomii cheloveka. Per. s angl. pod red. Kolesnikova L.L. 6-e izd. Moskva: GE'OTAR-Media, 2018.- 624s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Siccardi MA, Bordoni B. Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Perineal Body. 2021 Feb 7. In: Stat Pearls [E-pub]. Treasure Island (FL): Stat Pearls Publishing; 2021 Jan. PMID: 30726030.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Siccardi MA, Bordoni B. Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Perineal Body. 2021 Feb 7. In: Stat Pearls [E-pub]. Treasure Island (FL): Stat Pearls Publishing; 2021 Jan. PMID: 30726030.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Akusherstvo: uchebnik/ Pod red. V.E. Radzinskogo, A.M. Fuksa. M.: GE'OTAR-Media, 2016.- 1040s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akusherstvo: uchebnik/ Pod red. V.E. Radzinskogo, A.M. Fuksa. M.: GE'OTAR-Media, 2016.- 1040s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bashсhzhanova ZhO, Shakeev KT, Amirbekova ZT. Razryvy promezhnosti v rodah (obzor litera-tury). Akademicheskij zhurnal Zapadnoj Sibiri. 2016;1:59-61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bashсhzhanova ZhO, Shakeev KT, Amirbekova ZT. Razryvy promezhnosti v rodah (obzor litera-tury). Akademicheskij zhurnal Zapadnoj Sibiri. 2016;1:59-61.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smolnova TYu. Zashhita promezhnosti v rodah. Rossijskij medicinskij zhurnal. 2012;6:32-35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smolnova TYu. Zashhita promezhnosti v rodah. Rossijskij medicinskij zhurnal. 2012;6:32-35.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Radzinskij VE. Akusherskaja agressija. M.: Status Praesens, 2011.- 688s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Radzinskij VE. Akusherskaja agressija. M.: Status Praesens, 2011.- 688s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aliyev EA. Prichiny i profilaktika nedostatochnosti sfinktera zadnego prohoda. Vestnik Nacion-al'nogo mediko-hirurgicheskogo Centra im. N.I. Pirogova 2011;6(1):48-53.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aliyev EA. Prichiny i profilaktika nedostatochnosti sfinktera zadnego prohoda. Vestnik Nacion-al'nogo mediko-hirurgicheskogo Centra im. N.I. Pirogova 2011;6(1):48-53.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mezhdunarodnaja anatomicheskaja terminologija. Pod red. L.L. Kolesnikova. M.: Meditsina, 2003.- 424s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mezhdunarodnaja anatomicheskaja terminologija. Pod red. L.L. Kolesnikova. M.: Meditsina, 2003.- 424s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Samsonova AV. Tipy teloslozheniya po Sheldony. URL: https://allasamsonova.ru/tipy-teloslozhenija-po-sheldonu/ Request Date 20/03/2021</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Samsonova AV. Tipy teloslozheniya po Sheldony. URL: https://allasamsonova.ru/tipy-teloslozhenija-po-sheldonu/ Request Date 20/03/2021</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chemidronov SN, Sharafullin I., Suvorova GN, Kornilov VD. Sposob vydelenija suhozhil'nogo centra promezhnosti i myshc, ukrepljajushhih ego, u cheloveka. Patent RF № 2708056.- 2019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chemidronov SN, Sharafullin I., Suvorova GN, Kornilov VD. Sposob vydelenija suhozhil'nogo centra promezhnosti i myshc, ukrepljajushhih ego, u cheloveka. Patent RF № 2708056.- 2019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tillmann BN. Atlas der Anatomie des Menschen mit Muskeltabellen. Springer-Verlag Berlin Hei-delberg, 2016.- 712pp. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-49288-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tillmann BN. Atlas der Anatomie des Menschen mit Muskeltabellen. Springer-Verlag Berlin Hei-delberg, 2016.- 712pp. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-49288-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh I. Textbook of anatomy. Vol. 2. Thorax, abdomen and pelvis. Fifth edition. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, 2011.- 712pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh I. Textbook of anatomy. Vol. 2. Thorax, abdomen and pelvis. Fifth edition. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, 2011.- 712pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pansky B, Gest TR. Lippincott’s concise illustrated anatomy. Vol. 2, Thorax, abdomen &amp; pelvis. Lippincott Williams&amp;Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business, 2013.- 298pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pansky B, Gest TR. Lippincott’s concise illustrated anatomy. Vol. 2, Thorax, abdomen &amp; pelvis. Lippincott Williams&amp;Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business, 2013.- 298pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Montgomery RL, Gilliland KO. Appleton&amp;Lange Review of Anatomy. Sixth edition. Medical Pub-lishing Division, 2003.- 150pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Montgomery RL, Gilliland KO. Appleton&amp;Lange Review of Anatomy. Sixth edition. Medical Pub-lishing Division, 2003.- 150pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chaurasia BD. Human Anatomy. Vol. 2. Lower limb, abdomen and pelvis. Seventh edition. CBS Publisher, 2017.- 498pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chaurasia BD. Human Anatomy. Vol. 2. Lower limb, abdomen and pelvis. Seventh edition. CBS Publisher, 2017.- 498pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saladin KS. Human anatomy. Fifth edition. McGraw-Hill Education, 2016.- 816pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saladin KS. Human anatomy. Fifth edition. McGraw-Hill Education, 2016.- 816pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Human Anatomy. Van De Graaff K. Sixth edition. McGraw-Hill Education, 2001.- 840pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Human Anatomy. Van De Graaff K. Sixth edition. McGraw-Hill Education, 2001.- 840pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martini FH, Timmons MJ, Tallitsch RB. Human anatomy. Eighth edition. Pearson, 2014.- 862pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martini FH, Timmons MJ, Tallitsch RB. Human anatomy. Eighth edition. Pearson, 2014.- 862pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harrison A. A system of human anatomy, including its medical and surgical relations. Philadelph-ia: Henry C. Lea’S Son CO, 1884.- 812pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Harrison A. A system of human anatomy, including its medical and surgical relations. Philadelph-ia: Henry C. Lea’S Son CO, 1884.- 812pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zacharin RE. Pelvic Floor Anatomy and the Surgery of Pulsion Enterocoele. Springer-Verlag Wien, 1985.- 170pp. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-4075-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zacharin RE. Pelvic Floor Anatomy and the Surgery of Pulsion Enterocoele. Springer-Verlag Wien, 1985.- 170pp. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-4075-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baessler K, Schussler B, Burgio KL, Moore KH, Norton PA, Stanton SL (Eds.). Pelvic Floor Re-education. Principles and Practice. Second Edition. Springer-Verlag London, 2008.- 272pp. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-84628-505-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baessler K, Schussler B, Burgio KL, Moore KH, Norton PA, Stanton SL (Eds.). Pelvic Floor Re-education. Principles and Practice. Second Edition. Springer-Verlag London, 2008.- 272pp. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-84628-505-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wallner C. Development of the pelvic floor: implications for clinical anatomy. University of Am-sterdam, 2008.- 224pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wallner C. Development of the pelvic floor: implications for clinical anatomy. University of Am-sterdam, 2008.- 224pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palfino G. Anatomia chirurgica. Ovvero Defcrizione efatta delle parti del Corpo Umano, con ofifervazioni utili a' Chirurghi nella pratica della loro profe Uione. Vol. 2. Nella Stamperia Remoni-jini, 1758.- 352pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palfino G. Anatomia chirurgica. Ovvero Defcrizione efatta delle parti del Corpo Umano, con ofifervazioni utili a' Chirurghi nella pratica della loro profe Uione. Vol. 2. Nella Stamperia Remoni-jini, 1758.- 352pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marani E, Koch WFRM. The Pelvis Structure, Gender and Society. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidel-berg, 2014.- 558pp. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-40006-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marani E, Koch WFRM. The Pelvis Structure, Gender and Society. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidel-berg, 2014.- 558pp. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-40006-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ellis H, Mahadevan V. Clinical anatomy: applied anatomy for students and junior doctors. Thir-teenth edition. Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.- 500pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ellis H, Mahadevan V. Clinical anatomy: applied anatomy for students and junior doctors. Thir-teenth edition. Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.- 500pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maclise J. Surgical anatomy. Philadelphia Blanchard and Lea, 1859.- 157pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maclise J. Surgical anatomy. Philadelphia Blanchard and Lea, 1859.- 157pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baggish MS, Karram MM. Atlas of pelvic anatomy and gynecologic surgery. Third edition. Else-vier, 2015.- 1408pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baggish MS, Karram MM. Atlas of pelvic anatomy and gynecologic surgery. Third edition. Else-vier, 2015.- 1408pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thompson P. The myology of the pelvic floor. Contribution to Human and Comparative Anatomy. London: Mc Corquodale&amp;Co Ltd, Printers—Works, Newton, 1899.- 108pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thompson P. The myology of the pelvic floor. Contribution to Human and Comparative Anatomy. London: Mc Corquodale&amp;Co Ltd, Printers—Works, Newton, 1899.- 108pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pernkopf E. Atlas of Topographical and Applied Human Anatomy. Vol. 2. Thorax, Abdomen and Extremities. W.B. Saunders Company, 1980.- 418pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pernkopf E. Atlas of Topographical and Applied Human Anatomy. Vol. 2. Thorax, Abdomen and Extremities. W.B. Saunders Company, 1980.- 418pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gray H. Anatomy of the human body. Twentieth edition. Philadelphia AND New York, Lea&amp;Febiger, 1918.- 1396pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gray H. Anatomy of the human body. Twentieth edition. Philadelphia AND New York, Lea&amp;Febiger, 1918.- 1396pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Drake R, Vogl AW, Mitchell A. Gray's Anatomy for Students. Second Edition. Churchill Living-stone, 2009.- 1534pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Drake R, Vogl AW, Mitchell A. Gray's Anatomy for Students. Second Edition. Churchill Living-stone, 2009.- 1534pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bourgery JM, Jacob NH. Atlas of human anatomy and surgery. Taschen. 2008.- 829pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bourgery JM, Jacob NH. Atlas of human anatomy and surgery. Taschen. 2008.- 829pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davydov SN, Hromov B M, Shejko VZ. Atlas ginekologicheskih operacij. Meditsina, 1973.- 290s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davydov SN, Hromov B M, Shejko VZ. Atlas ginekologicheskih operacij. Meditsina, 1973.- 290s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zolotko JuL. Atlas topograficheskoj anatomii cheloveka. Ch. 2. Grud', zhivot, taz. Moskva: Med-itsina, 1967.- 272s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zolotko JuL. Atlas topograficheskoj anatomii cheloveka. Ch. 2. Grud', zhivot, taz. Moskva: Med-itsina, 1967.- 272s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fenish Х. Karmannyj atlas anatomii cheloveka. Per. s angl. Kabak S.L., Rudenko V.V. 2-e izd. Minsk: Vyshjejshaja shkola, 1996.- 464s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fenish Х. Karmannyj atlas anatomii cheloveka. Per. s angl. Kabak S.L., Rudenko V.V. 2-e izd. Minsk: Vyshjejshaja shkola, 1996.- 464s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sinel'nikov RD, Sinel'nikov JaR. Atlas anatomii cheloveka. Uchebnoe posobie v 4-h tomah. T. 2. Moskva: Meditsina, 1996.- 264s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sinel'nikov RD, Sinel'nikov JaR. Atlas anatomii cheloveka. Uchebnoe posobie v 4-h tomah. T. 2. Moskva: Meditsina, 1996.- 264s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prives MG, Lysenkov NK, Bushkovich VI. Anatomija cheloveka. 9-e izd. Moskva: Meditsina, 1985.- 672s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prives MG, Lysenkov NK, Bushkovich VI. Anatomija cheloveka. 9-e izd. Moskva: Meditsina, 1985.- 672s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sapin MR, Nikitjuk DB, Revazov VS. Anatomija cheloveka. Pod red. Sapina M.R. 7-e izd. Mos-kva: Izdatel'stvo «Shiko», 2014.- 632s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sapin MR, Nikitjuk DB, Revazov VS. Anatomija cheloveka. Pod red. Sapina M.R. 7-e izd. Mos-kva: Izdatel'stvo «Shiko», 2014.- 632s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kovanov VV, Anikina TI. Hirurgicheskaja anatomija fascij i kletochnyh prostranstv cheloveka. Moskva: Medgiz, 1961.- 205s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kovanov VV, Anikina TI. Hirurgicheskaja anatomija fascij i kletochnyh prostranstv cheloveka. Moskva: Medgiz, 1961.- 205s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kishsh F, Sentagotai Ja. Anatomicheskij atlas chelovecheskogo tela. V treh tomah. T. 2. Budapesht: Meditsina. 1962.- 220s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kishsh F, Sentagotai Ja. Anatomicheskij atlas chelovecheskogo tela. V treh tomah. T. 2. Budapesht: Meditsina. 1962.- 220s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gajvoronskij IV. Normal'naja anatomija cheloveka. Uchebnik dlja med. vuzov v 2 t. T. 1. SPb:SpecLit, 2013.- 567s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gajvoronskij IV. Normal'naja anatomija cheloveka. Uchebnik dlja med. vuzov v 2 t. T. 1. SPb:SpecLit, 2013.- 567s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mihajlova MN, Moskvichev EV, Lancova NN. Anatomija promezhnosti: metod. ukazanija k prakt. zanjatijam. Cheboksary: Izd-vo Chuvash. un-ta, 2013.- 20s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mihajlova MN, Moskvichev EV, Lancova NN. Anatomija promezhnosti: metod. ukazanija k prakt. zanjatijam. Cheboksary: Izd-vo Chuvash. un-ta, 2013.- 20s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Behin P. Anatomija cheloveka. Sistemy i organy. Per. s angl. Mahijanova E. B. AST: Astrel', 2013.- 72s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Behin P. Anatomija cheloveka. Sistemy i organy. Per. s angl. Mahijanova E. B. AST: Astrel', 2013.- 72s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alkamo Je. Atlas anatomii cheloveka: uchebnoe posobie. Per. s angl. Giljarova I.N., AST: Astrel'. 2008.- 288s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alkamo Je. Atlas anatomii cheloveka: uchebnoe posobie. Per. s angl. Giljarova I.N., AST: Astrel'. 2008.- 288s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chemidronov SN, Sevrjugina GA, Zhejkov DS, Kornilov VD, Panteleeva DV. Anatomija promezhnosti: uchebno-metodicheskoe posobie. Samara: Vektor, 2019.- 36s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chemidronov SN, Sevrjugina GA, Zhejkov DS, Kornilov VD, Panteleeva DV. Anatomija promezhnosti: uchebno-metodicheskoe posobie. Samara: Vektor, 2019.- 36s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nikolaev AV. Topograficheskaja anatomija i operativnaja hirurgija. Moskva: GEOTAR-Media, 2007.- 784s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikolaev AV. Topograficheskaja anatomija i operativnaja hirurgija. Moskva: GEOTAR-Media, 2007.- 784s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tikhonova LM, Khayrullin RM, Fatkhullina RR, Tikhonova YuV, Pavlov MV. Anglo-latino-russko-nemetskiy slovar. Tom Chast 2. Miologiya.- Ulyanovsk: UlGU, 2005.- 56s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tikhonova LM, Khayrullin RM, Fatkhullina RR, Tikhonova YuV, Pavlov MV. Anglo-latino-russko-nemetskiy slovar. Tom Chast 2. Miologiya.- Ulyanovsk: UlGU, 2005.- 56s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shilkin VV, Filimonov VI. Anatomija po Pirogovu. V trjoh tomah. T. 3. Moskva: GEOTAR-Media, 2016.- 744 s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shilkin VV, Filimonov VI. Anatomija po Pirogovu. V trjoh tomah. T. 3. Moskva: GEOTAR-Media, 2016.- 744 s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shpal'tegol'c V. Atlas po anatomii cheloveka. Per. Batueva. N.A. ch. 3. Vypusk 1. Moskva: Tipo-lit. T-va I.N. Kushnerev i Ko, 1909.- 899s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shpal'tegol'c V. Atlas po anatomii cheloveka. Per. Batueva. N.A. ch. 3. Vypusk 1. Moskva: Tipo-lit. T-va I.N. Kushnerev i Ko, 1909.- 899s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tonkov VN. Uchebnik normal'noj anatomii cheloveka. 6-e izdanie. Pod redakciej chl-korr. AMN SSSR prof. B.A. Dolgo-Saburova. Leningrad: Medgiz, 1962.- 765s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tonkov VN. Uchebnik normal'noj anatomii cheloveka. 6-e izdanie. Pod redakciej chl-korr. AMN SSSR prof. B.A. Dolgo-Saburova. Leningrad: Medgiz, 1962.- 765s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bilich G. L., Kryzhanovskij V.A., Nikolenko V.N. Anatomija cheloveka. V 3-h tomah. T. 2. Mos-kva: GEOTAR-Media, 2013.- 696 s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bilich G. L., Kryzhanovskij V.A., Nikolenko V.N. Anatomija cheloveka. V 3-h tomah. T. 2. Mos-kva: GEOTAR-Media, 2013.- 696 s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lubockij D.N. Osnovy topograficheskoj anatomii. Moskva: Medgiz, 1953.- 647s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lubockij D.N. Osnovy topograficheskoj anatomii. Moskva: Medgiz, 1953.- 647s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hinman F. Operativnaja urologija. Per. s angl. Moskva: GOJeTAR-Medija, 2001.- 1192s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hinman F. Operativnaja urologija. Per. s angl. Moskva: GOJeTAR-Medija, 2001.- 1192s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kozlov VI, Gurova OA. Anatomija cheloveka. Kratkij kurs: uchebnoe posobie dlja studentov medicinskih vuzov. 2-e izd., dop. i pererab. Moskva: Prakticheskaja Meditsina, 2009.- 364s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozlov VI, Gurova OA. Anatomija cheloveka. Kratkij kurs: uchebnoe posobie dlja studentov medicinskih vuzov. 2-e izd., dop. i pererab. Moskva: Prakticheskaja Meditsina, 2009.- 364s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sobotta. Atlas anatomii cheloveka. Pod red. R. Putca i R. Pabsta. Per s angl., pod red. Kulikova V.V. V 2 t. T. 2. Moskva: Rid Jelsiver, 2011.- 416s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sobotta. Atlas anatomii cheloveka. Pod red. R. Putca i R. Pabsta. Per s angl., pod red. Kulikova V.V. V 2 t. T. 2. Moskva: Rid Jelsiver, 2011.- 416s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anatomija cheloveka. Pod red. Mihajlovf S.S. 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. Moskva: Meditsina, 1984.- 704s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anatomija cheloveka. Pod red. Mihajlovf S.S. 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. Moskva: Meditsina, 1984.- 704s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vovk JuN, Vovk VJu. Klinicheskaja anatomija i operativnaja hirurgija taza (uchebno-metodicheskoe posobie). Lugansk, 2011.- 90s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vovk JuN, Vovk VJu. Klinicheskaja anatomija i operativnaja hirurgija taza (uchebno-metodicheskoe posobie). Lugansk, 2011.- 90s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zernov DN. Rukovodstvo po opisatel'noj anatomii cheloveka. Tipografija Je. Lissnera i Ju. Romana, 1917.- 626s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zernov DN. Rukovodstvo po opisatel'noj anatomii cheloveka. Tipografija Je. Lissnera i Ju. Romana, 1917.- 626s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gosling DzhA, Vajtmor I, Harris PF. Anatomija cheloveka. Cvetnoj atlas i uchebnik anatomii. 4-e izd. AST: Astrel', 2005.- 377s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gosling DzhA, Vajtmor I, Harris PF. Anatomija cheloveka. Cvetnoj atlas i uchebnik anatomii. 4-e izd. AST: Astrel', 2005.- 377s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Osnovy operativnoj hirurgii. Pod red. Simbirceva S.A. S-Pb: Gippokrat, 2002.- 632s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osnovy operativnoj hirurgii. Pod red. Simbirceva S.A. S-Pb: Gippokrat, 2002.- 632s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chemidronov SN, Kornilov VD, Sharafullin IT, Larina TV. Variantnaja anatomija nekotoryh myshc promezhnosti u ljudej pozhilogo i starcheskogo vozrasta. Morfologija. 2019;2(3):11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chemidronov SN, Kornilov VD, Sharafullin IT, Larina TV. Variantnaja anatomija nekotoryh myshc promezhnosti u ljudej pozhilogo i starcheskogo vozrasta. Morfologija. 2019;2(3):11.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
