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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2021.29(3).526</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-526</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МОРФОЛОГИЯ  БОЛЬШОГО НЕБНОГО ОТВЕРСТИЯ И БОЛЬШОГО НЕБНОГО КАНАЛА В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ПОЛА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE GREATER PALATINE FORAMEN  AND GREATER PALATINE CANAL DEPENDING ON SEX</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4084-967X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калмин</surname><given-names>Олег Витальевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalmin</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой анатомии человека</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Human Anatomy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ovkalmin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5678-1104</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефремова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efremova</surname><given-names>Anastasiya V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры стоматологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant at the Department of Dentistry</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nastasya.efremova.87@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2938-3063</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зюлькина</surname><given-names>Лариса Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zyul'kina</surname><given-names>Larisa A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой стоматологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Dentistry</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stomatologfs@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Пензенский государственный университет, Пенза</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Penza State University, Penza</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой стоматологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Penza State University, Penza</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Калмин О.В., Ефремова А.В., Зюлькина Л.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Калмин О.В., Ефремова А.В., Зюлькина Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kalmin O.V., Efremova A.V., Zyul'kina L.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/526">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/526</self-uri><abstract><p>Данные об анатомической вариабельности большого небного отверстия и большого небного канала имеют важное значение при проведении оперативных вмешательств в заднем отделе верхней челюсти, а также при проведении блокады крылонебного ганглия хирургическим небным доступом. Цель исследования состояла в изучении различий морфологии большого небного отверстия и большого небного канала у лиц первого периода зрелого возраста. Объектом исследования стали 261 человек (первый период зрелого возраста, из них 132 женщины и 129 мужчин). На конусно-лучевых компьютерных томограммах определяли количество больших небных отверстий, их форму, передне-задний и медио-дистальный диаметры, длину большого небного канала, его форму, его медио-дистальный и передне-задний диаметры в верхней, средней и нижней третях канала. Установлено, что у лиц обоего пола наиболее часто встречаемой формой большого небного отверстия явились овальная, вытянутая в передне-заднем направлении, каплевидная, округлая; наименее частой - серповидная, треугольная, ромбовидная, винтообразная. Размерные характеристики медио-дистального и передне-заднего диаметра большого небного отверстия у мужчин больше, чем у женщин. У лиц обоего пола наиболее часто встречалась серповидная форма большого небного канала, реже - канал зигзагообразной формы и канал воронкообразной формы с изгибом в нижней трети. Длина большого небного канала у мужчин больше, чем у женщин. Передне-задний диаметр большого небного канала в нижней, средней и верхней трети у женщин меньше, чем у мужчин. Медио-дистальный диаметры большого небного канала у женщин меньше, чем у мужчин. В результате проведенного исследования установлено, что большое небное отверстие и большой небный канал обладают выраженными половыми различиями. Выявленные половые различия в форме, равно как и в морфометрических параметрах имеют важное клиническое значение в процедурах премедикации и обезболивания при оперативных вмешательствах на челюстно-лицевой области и в клинике лицевых невралгий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Data on the anatomical variability of the foramen magnum and palatine canal are important for surgical interventions in the posterior part of the upper jaw, as well as for the blockade of the pterygopalatine ganglion with a surgical palatal approach. The aim of the study was to study the differences in the morphology of the foramen magnum and the palatine canal in persons of the first adulthood period. The object of the study was 261 people (the first adulthood period, of which 132 were women and 129 were men). On cone-beam computed tomograms, the number of large palatal openings, their shape, anteroposterior and medio-distal diameters, the length of the large palatal canal, its shape, its medio-distal and anteroposterior diameters in the upper, middle and lower thirds of the canal were determined. It was found that in persons of both sexes, the most common form of the large palatine opening was oval, elongated in the anteroposterior direction, drop-shaped, rounded; the least common - crescent, triangular, diamond-shaped, helical. The dimensional characteristics of the medio-distal and anteroposterior diameter of the large palatine foramen are greater in men than in women. In persons of both sexes, the most common crescent shape of the large palatine canal, less often - a zigzag canal and a funnel-shaped canal with a bend in the lower third. The length of the great palatine canal is longer in men than in women. The anteroposterior diameter of the large palatine canal is smaller in women than in men. The medio-distal diameters of the greater palatine canal are smaller in women than in men. As a result of the study, it was found that the greater palatine foramen and canal have pronounced sex differences. The revealed sex differences in the form, as well as in the morphometric parameters, are of great clinical importance in the procedures of premedication and anesthesia during surgical interventions on the maxillofacial region and in the clinic of facial neuralgia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>большое небное отверстие</kwd><kwd>большой небный канал</kwd><kwd>конусно-лучевая компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>морфометрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>greater palatine opening</kwd><kwd>greater palatine canal</kwd><kwd>cone beam computed tomography</kwd><kwd>morphometry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Filimonov SV, Borodulin VG. Methods for evaluating the effectiveness of relief of pain syndromes of the head and neck during blockades. Materials of the II St. Petersburg Forum of otorhinolaryngologists of Russia. 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