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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2021.29(3).558</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-558</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОСОБЕННОСТИ АКТИВАЦИИ АПОПТОЗА В КЛЕТКАХ СЕМЕННЫХ КАНАЛЬЦЕВ КРЫС ПРИ АЗООСПЕРМИИ ПОСЛЕ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ БЕТА-ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ В ДОЗАХ 2 И 8 ГРЭЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE FEATURES OF APOPTOSIS ACTIVATION IN SEMINIFEROUS TUBULE CELLS OF RATS WITH AZOOSPERMIA AFTER EXPOSURE OF BETA-RADIATION AT DOSES OF 2 AND 8 GRAY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8447-2600</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демяшкин</surname><given-names>Григорий Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demyashkin</surname><given-names>Grigory A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры патологической анатомии имени академика А.И. Струкова Первого Московского государственного медицинского университета имени И.М. Сеченова; ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории патоморфологии Национального медицинского исследовательского центра радиологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Assistant Professor of Academician Strukov Department of Pathological Anatomy of the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University; Leading Scientific Employee of the Department of Pathological Morphology of National Medical Research Centre of Radiology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.dga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4449-7859</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цибулевский</surname><given-names>Александр Юрьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsybulevsky</surname><given-names>Alexandr Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры гистологии, эмбриологии и цитологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">auts77@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5915-7999</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Недорубов</surname><given-names>Андрей Анатольевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nedorubov</surname><given-names>Andrey A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>руководитель центра доклинических исследований Института трансляционной медицины и биотехнологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Centre of Preclinical Research of the Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nedorubov.ras@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3780-4358</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батов</surname><given-names>Максим Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Batov</surname><given-names>Maksim A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.batov112@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3763-7454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щекин</surname><given-names>Владимир Иванович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchekin</surname><given-names>Vladimir I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shekin.vova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова, Москва; Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии, Обнинск</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow;&#13;
National Medical Research Centre of Radiology, Obninsk</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Medical University, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>70</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Демяшкин Г.А., Цибулевский А.Ю., Недорубов А.А., Батов М.А., Щекин В.И., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Демяшкин Г.А., Цибулевский А.Ю., Недорубов А.А., Батов М.А., Щекин В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Demyashkin G.A., Tsybulevsky A.Y., Nedorubov A.A., Batov M.A., Shchekin V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/558">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/558</self-uri><abstract><p>Развитие бесплодия у самцов крыс под воздействием высоких доз ионизированного излучения обусловлено не только прямым повреждением клеток, но и блоком дифференцировки и индукцией апоптоза созревающих сперматогоний. Однако литературные данные по активности биологических медиаторов внутреннего и внешнего пути апоптоза после облучения бета-частицами, в частности, разными эффективными дозами, крайне ограничены. Цель исследования: изучение молекулярно-биологических механизмов апоптоза в семенных канальцах самцов крыс после облучения электронами в дозе 2 и 8 грэй. Самцы крыс Wistar (220±20 г; 9 – 10 недель; n=40) были поделены на 3 группы: I – контрольная (n=10); II – облучение электронами, доза 2 грэй (n=15); III – облучение электронами, доза 8 грэй (n=15). На срезах семенников толщиной 8 мкм определяли экспрессию мРНК каспаз CASP8 и CASP9 методом полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени. Апоптотическую фрагментацию ДНК выявляли методом TUNEL c подсчетом TUNEL-позитивных ядер. На 50-й день после начала эксперимента обнаружили значительное число апоптотических клеток в группах крыс, подвергнутых ионизирующему облучению. Относительное количество TUNEL-положительных клеток сперматогенного эпителия в группе 8 грэй составило 56±1,2% по сравнению с группой 2 грэй – 37±0,9% (p&lt;0,01). В контрольной группе регистрировали 10±1,1% TUNEL-положительных клеток. В группе 8 грэй экспрессия CASP9 была выше, чем в группе 2 грэй (5,83±0,48 против 4,1±0,41 (p&lt;0,01). Экспрессия CASP8 статистически значимо не отличалась между контрольной и экспериментальными группами. В проведенном нами экспериментальном исследовании получены данные, свидетельствующие о дозозависимом эффекте бета-излучения на индукцию апоптоза в семенных канальцах крыс. Установлено, что преимущественная активация апоптоза после воздействия бета частиц обусловлена внутренним путем с избыточной активацией каспазы-9 и, по всей вероятности, связана с нарушением целостности и функции митохондрий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The development of infertility in male rats under the influence of high doses of ionized radiation is caused not only by direct damage to cells, but also by the block of differentiation and the induction of apoptosis of maturing spermatogonia. However, the literature data on the activity of biological mediators of the internal and external pathways of apoptosis after irradiation with beta particles, in particular, with different effective doses, are extremely limited. Objective: to study the molecular biological mechanisms of apoptosis in the seminiferous tubules of male rats after irradiation with electrons at a dose of 2 and 8 Gray. Male Wistar rats (220±20 g; 9-10 weeks; n=40) were divided into 3 groups: Ist - control (n=10); IInd — electron irradiation, dose 2 Gray (n=15); IIIrd - electron irradiation, dose 8 Gray (n=15). The expression of mRNA of caspases CASP8 and CASP9 was determined on sections of testes with a thickness of 8 μm using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Apoptotic DNA fragmentation was detected by the TUNEL method with the calculation of TUNEL-positive nuclei. On the 50th day after the start of the experiment, a significant number of apoptotic cells were found in the groups of rats subjected to ionizing radiation. The relative number of TUNEL-positive cells of spermatogenic epithelium in the 8 Gray group was 56±1,2% compared with the 2 Gray group - 37±0,9% (p&lt;0,01). In the control group, 10±1,1% TUNEL-positive cells were recorded. In the 8 Gray group, the expression of CASP9 was higher than in the 2 Gray group (5,83±0,48 versus 4,1±0,41 (p&lt;0,01). The expression of CASP8 was not statistically significant between the control and experimental groups. In our experimental study, we obtained data indicating a dose-dependent effect of beta radiation on the induction of apoptosis in the seminiferous tubules of rats. It was found that the predominant activation of apoptosis after exposure to beta particles is due to an internal pathway with excessive activation of caspase-9 and, in all likelihood, is associated with a violation of the integrity and function of mitochondria.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сперматогенез</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd><kwd>каспазы</kwd><kwd>β-излучение</kwd><kwd>крысы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spermatogenesis</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd><kwd>caspases</kwd><kwd>beta radiation</kwd><kwd>rats</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meistrich ML. 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