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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2021.29(4).578</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-578</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРЕДПОСЫЛКИ ТРОМБОЗА УШКА ЛЕВОГО ПРЕДСЕРДИЯ (ОБЗОР)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE MORPHOLOGICAL BACKGROUND OF THE LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE THROMBOSIS (REVIEW)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0511-7366</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баженов</surname><given-names>Николай Дмитриевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazhenov</surname><given-names>Nikolay D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, проректор по лечебной работе, доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии и профессиональных болезней</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Docent, Vice-rector of Medical Work, Assistant Professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy and Occupational Diseases </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bazhenovnd@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8879-3791</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазур</surname><given-names>Евгений Станиславович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazur</surname><given-names>Evgeny S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии и профессиональных болезней</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Hospital Therapy and Occupational Diseases</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mazur-tver@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-434X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазур</surname><given-names>Вера Вячеславовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazur</surname><given-names>Vera V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии и профессиональных болезней</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Docent, Professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy and Occupational Diseases</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vera.v.mazur@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0648-5358</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нилова</surname><given-names>Оксана Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nilova</surname><given-names>Oksana V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры поликлинической терапии и семейной медицины</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Polyclinic Therapy and Family Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tevirp69@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тверской государственный медицинский университет, Тверь</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tver State Medical University, Tver</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>70</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баженов Н.Д., Мазур Е.С., Мазур В.В., Нилова О.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баженов Н.Д., Мазур Е.С., Мазур В.В., Нилова О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bazhenov N.D., Mazur E.S., Mazur V.V., Nilova O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/578">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/578</self-uri><abstract><p>Клиническое значение фибрилляции предсердий в значительной мере связано с риском развития тромбоэмболических осложнений причиной которых, чаще всего, служит образование тромба в ушке левого предсердия. Цель исследования — систематизировать представленные в литературе данные о роли морфологических особенностей ушка левого предсердия в развитии предсердного тромбоза и тромбоэмболических осложнений у пациентов с фибрилляцией предсердий. Материалы и методы исследования заключались в поиске статей проводился в базах данных РИНЦ и PubMed (MEDLINE), по следующим ключевым словам: «ушко левого предсердия», «тромбоз левого предсердия», «эпикардиальный жир», «фибрилляция предсердий». В результате проведенного мета-анализа литературы установлено, что в ряде исследований показано, что вероятность образования тромба в ушке левого предсердия существенно взаимосвязана с его анатомическими особенностями, в частности, вероятность тромбоза при анатомическом типе ушка левого предсердия в форме «куриного крыла» (Chicken Wing) значительно ниже, чем при других вариантах его строения. Однако вопрос о причинах преимущественного образования тромбов в ушке левого, а не правого предсердия остается не выясненным. Одной из возможных причин может служить присущая ушку левого предсердия эндокринная функция, выражающаяся в секреции ряда биологически активных веществ, в частности натрийуретического пептида. Другой возможной причиной преимущественного образования тромбов в ушке левого предсердия может служить его тесный контакт с предсердным депо эпикардиального жира, избыток которого играет важную роль в развитии целого ряда сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Вопрос о морфологических предпосылках развития тромбоза преимущественно в ушке левого предсердия представляется недостаточно изученным. Изучение этого вопроса может способствовать повышению эффективности профилактики тромбоэмболических осложнений при фибрилляции предсердий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The clinical significance of atrial fibrillation is largely associated with the risk of thromboembolic complications, which are most often caused by the formation of a thrombus in the left atrial appendage. The aim of the study was to systematize the data presented in the literature on the role of morphological features of the left atrial appendage in the development of atrial thrombosis and thromboembolic complications in patients with atrial fibrillation. Materials and research methods consisted of searching for articles in the RSCI and PubMed (MEDLINE) databases, using the following keywords: «left atrial appendage», «left atrial thrombosis», «epicardial fat», «atrial fibrillation». As a result of a meta-analysis of the literature, it was found that a number of studies have shown the likelihood of thrombus formation in the left atrial appendage and its anatomical features interrelated, in particular, the likelihood of thrombosis in the anatomical type of the left atrial appendage in the form of a «chicken wing» significantly lower than with other variants of its structure. However, the question of the reasons for the predominant formation of blood clots in the appendage of the left rather than right atrium remains unclear. One of the possible reasons may be the inherent endocrine function of the left atrial appendage, which is expressed in the secretion of a number of biologically active substances, in particular, natriuretic peptide. Another possible reason for the predominant formation of blood clots in the left atrial appendage may be its close contact with the atrial depot of epicardial fat, the excess of which plays an important role in the development of a number of cardiovascular diseases. The question of the morphological prerequisites for the development of thrombosis mainly in the left atrial appendage seems to be insufficiently studied. The study of this issue can improve the effectiveness of prevention of thromboembolic complications in atrial fibrillation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ушко левого предсердия</kwd><kwd>тромбоз левого предсердия</kwd><kwd>эпикардиальный жир</kwd><kwd>фибрилляция предсердий</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>left atrial appendage</kwd><kwd>left atrial thrombosis</kwd><kwd>epicardial fat</kwd><kwd>atrial fibrillation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Benjamin EJ, Muntner P, Alonso A, et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2019 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2019;139:e56—e528. 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