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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2022.30(3).657</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-657</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПРИЖИЗНЕННАЯ МОРФОМЕТРИЯ КАРДИОЭЗОФАГЕАЛЬНОГО ПЕРЕХОДА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ГРЫЖЕЙ ПИЩЕВОДНОГО ОТВЕРСТИЯ ДИАФРАГМЫ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE LIFETIME MORPHOMETRY OF CARDIOESOPHAGEAL TRANSITION IN PATIENTS WITH HIATAL HERNIA</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6467-2242</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лященко</surname><given-names>Сергей Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyashchenko</surname><given-names>Sergey N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры оперативной хирургии и клинической анатомии имени С.С. Михайлова</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Professor Mikhailov Department of Operative Surgery and Clinical Anatomy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">serglyashenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9172-3081</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демин</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Борисович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demin</surname><given-names>Dmitry B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой факультетской хирургии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Faculty Surgery Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">demindb@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0454-4887</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бородкин</surname><given-names>Иван Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borodkin</surname><given-names>Ivan N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующий эндоскопическим отделением Городской клинической больницы имени Н.И. Пирогова; ассистент кафедры факультетской хирургии Оренбургского государственного медицинского университета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Endoscopy Department of the Pirogov City Clinical Hospital; Assistant of the Department of Faculty Surgery of the Orenburg State Medical University</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">in.borodkin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-8143</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савин</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savin</surname><given-names>Dmitry V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель главного врача Городской клинической больницы имени Н.И. Пирогова; ассистент кафедры факультетской хирургии  Оренбургского государственного медицинского университета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Deputy of Chief Doctor, of the Pirogov City Clinical Hospital; Assistant of the Department of Faculty Surgery of the Orenburg State Medical University</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sad1505@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0230-8514</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никогосян</surname><given-names>Ануш Рашидовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikogosyan</surname><given-names>Anush R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Studentin</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anush.nikogosyan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7351-8044</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бокарева</surname><given-names>Надежда Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bokareva</surname><given-names>Nadezhda S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-рентгенолог</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Radiologist</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bokareva.nadezhda.90@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет, Оренбург</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница имени Н.И. Пирогова, Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет, Оренбург</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov City Clinical Hospital, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница имени Н.И. Пирогова, Оренбург</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov City Clinical Hospital, Orenburg</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лященко С.Н., Демин Д.Б., Бородкин И.Н., Савин Д.В., Никогосян А.Р., Бокарева Н.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лященко С.Н., Демин Д.Б., Бородкин И.Н., Савин Д.В., Никогосян А.Р., Бокарева Н.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lyashchenko S.N., Demin D.B., Borodkin I.N., Savin D.V., Nikogosyan A.R., Bokareva N.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/657">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/657</self-uri><abstract><p>С развитием рентгенологической техники и появлением компьютерной томографии стало возможным не только точно диагностировать грыжу пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы, но и проводить морфометрию всех составляющих ее анатомических структур в разных проекциях для использования полученных данных на этапе предоперационного планирования ее оперативного лечения. В настоящее время в связи с улучшением качества диагностики отмечается рост выявления пациентов с этой патологией, вместе с этим остро стоит вопрос о выборе наиболее рационального метода лечения. Цель исследования – изучение компьютерно-томографической анатомии структур кардиоэзофагеального перехода у пациентов с грыжей пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы. Проведено ретроспективное исследование серии компьютерных томограмм у 53 пациентов с грыжами пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы, выполненных на 64-срезовом томографе Canon Aquilion Prime. Произведена оценка диаметра дистального отдела пищевода, размеров грыжевых ворот и отклонения оси пищевода на уровне грыжевых ворот относительно диафрагмы в двух плоскостях. В результате анализа было установлено, что в 79% случаев пищевод располагался справа и сзади относительно грыжевого мешка, в 13 % – позади и срединно, в 8 % – слева и сзади. Выявлено, что диаметр неизмененного отдела пищевода над грыжевым мешком составил 20,9±3,71 мм (min – 15,7 мм, max – 30,2 мм). Размеры грыжевых ворот варьировали в пределах 31,21±5,23 мм во фронтальной плоскости (min – 24,7 мм, max – 42 мм) и 32,66±4,36 мм в сагиттальной плоскости (min – 26,2 мм, max – 39,1 мм). Отклонение оси пищевода во фронтальной плоскости составило 63,53°±16,74 (min – 19,6°, max – 92,3°). Отклонение оси пищевода в сагиттальной плоскости составило 74,12°±21,31 (min – 36,3°, max – 118,1°). Таким образом, в связи с вариативностью строения и расположения анатомических структур кардиоэзофагеальной зоны у пациентов с грыжей пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы, необходимо учитывать все вышеизложенные показатели, включая наличие или отсутствие крупных ветвей большого сальника в грыжевом мешке, тип телосложения, пол, возраст пациентов, что служит неотъемлемой частью предоперационного планирования хирургического лечения, оптимизации и снижения осложнений, а также определения наиболее безопасного способа пластики.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>With the development of X-ray technology and the advent of computed tomography, it became possible not only to accurately diagnose hiatal hernia, but also to conduct morphometry of all its constituent anatomical structures in different projections to use the data obtained at the stage of preoperative planning for its surgical treatment. Currently, due to the improvement in the quality of diagnostics, there is an increase in the detection of patients with this pathology, along with this, the question of choosing the most rational method of treatment is acute. The aim of the study was to study the computed tomographic anatomy of the structures of the cardioesophageal junction in patients with hiatal hernia. A retrospective study of a series of computed tomograms in 53 patients with hiatal hernia, performed on a 64-slice Canon Aquilion Prime tomograph, was carried out. An assessment was made of the diameter of the distal esophagus, the size of the hernia orifice, and the deviation of the axis of the esophagus at the level of the hernial orifice relative to the diaphragm in two planes. As a result of the analysis, it was found that in 79% of cases the esophagus was located on the right and behind the hernial sac, in 13% - behind and in the middle, in 8% - on the left and behind. It was revealed that the diameter of the unchanged part of the esophagus above the hernial sac was 20.9±3.71 mm (min – 15.7 mm, max – 30.2 mm). The dimensions of the hernial orifice varied within 31.21±5.23 mm in the frontal plane (min - 24.7 mm, max - 42 mm) and 32.66±4.36 mm in the sagittal plane (min - 26.2 mm, max - 39.1 mm). The deviation of the axis of the esophagus in the frontal plane was 63.53°±16.74 (min - 19.6°, max - 92.3°). The deviation of the axis of the esophagus in the sagittal plane was 74.12°±21.31 (min - 36.3°, max - 118.1°). Thus, due to the variability in the structure and location of the anatomical structures of the cardioesophageal zone in patients with hiatal hernia, it is necessary to take into account all of the above indicators, including the presence or absence of large branches of the greater omentum in the hernial sac, body type, gender, age of patients, which serves an integral part of preoperative planning of surgical treatment, optimization and reduction of complications, as well as determining the safest method of its surgery.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>грыжа пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы</kwd><kwd>анатомия</kwd><kwd>морфометрические показатели</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hiatal hernia</kwd><kwd>anatomy</kwd><kwd>morphometrical indicators</kwd><kwd>computed tomography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahmatov AM, Tarbaev IS, Vasilevskij DI. 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