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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2022.30(1).661</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-661</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>НЕЙРОННЫЕ СИНЦИТИИ В ЭНТЕРАЛЬНОЙ НЕРВНОЙ СИСТЕМЕ FELIS CATUS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>NEURONAL SYNCYTIA IN THE ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM OF THE FELIS CATUS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0374-780X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марков</surname><given-names>Игорь Иванович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markov</surname><given-names>Igor I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры морфологии патологии, советник ректора</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Morphology and Pathology, Rector's Adviser</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">morpholetter@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркова</surname><given-names>Валерия Игоревна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markova</surname><given-names>Valeriya I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры морфологии и патологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Department of Morphology and Pathology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">morpholetter2@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сотников</surname><given-names>Олег Семенович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sotnikov</surname><given-names>Oleg S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник группы функциональной морфологии и физиологии нейрона</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher of the Group of the Neuron Functional Morphology and Physiology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ossotnikov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабаева</surname><given-names>Рамиля Эмиль кызы</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babaeva</surname><given-names>Ramilya Emil qisi</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры анатомии и медицинской терминологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Assistant of the Department of Anatomy and Medical Terminology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">medun91@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукашин</surname><given-names>Владислав Григорьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukashin</surname><given-names>Vladislav G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, младший научный сотрудник, группа функциональной морфологии и физиологии нейрона</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Junior Researcher of the Group of the Neuron Functional Morphology and Physiology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pavlov.institute@infran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский университет РЕАВИЗ, Самара</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Private Medical University REAVIZ, Samara</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физиологии имени И.П. Павлова, Санкт-Петербург</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Saint-Petersburg</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Азербайджанский государственный медицинский университет, Баку</institution><country>Азербайджан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Azerbaijan State Medical University, Baku</institution><country>Azerbaijan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Марков И.И., Маркова В.И., Сотников О.С., Бабаева Р.Э., Лукашин В.Г., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Марков И.И., Маркова В.И., Сотников О.С., Бабаева Р.Э., Лукашин В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Markov I.I., Markova V.I., Sotnikov O.S., Babaeva R.E., Lukashin V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/661">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/661</self-uri><abstract><p>Синцитиальные связи между нейритами с помощью электронной микроскопии обнаружены в нервной системе кошек, молодых свиней, а также в культуре ганглиев моллюска. Была установлена возможность выявления нервных синцитиев с помощью метода компьютерного демаскирования арборизаций межнейронных связей в нервной ткани головного мозга, однако для изучения энтеральной нервной системы этот метод не использовался. Цель исследования - анализ подслизистого и межмышечного вегетативных нервных сплетений кишечника домашней кошки Felis catus методом компьютерного демаскирования. Материалом для исследований послужили препараты тонкого и толстого кишечника. Все манипуляции с животными проведены с соблюдением Директивы 2010/63/EU Европейского парламента и Совета Европейского Союза по охране животных, используемых в научных целях. Эксперименты проведены на половозрелых беспородных кошках (n=45). Для получения препаратов сосуды кишечника экспериментальных животных последовательно перфузировали растворами гидроокиси бария, затем азотнокислого серебра и гидрохинона. После перфузии проводился забор препаратов кишечника и их фиксация. Полученные гистологические препараты (в том числе и ультрамикроскопические) исследованы методом демаскирования снижения разрешения цифровых изображений. В результате исследования впервые выявлены многочисленные дистантные синцитиальные анастомозы, соединяющие тела нейроцитов всех типов клеток Догеля, установлены их свойства. Описаны распространенные множественные морфологические одно- и поливалентные кольцевые синцитиальные структуры. Их предполагаемая функции – встречное направление электрического и аксоплазменного токов. Прижизненной особенностью рефлекторного синцитиального аппарата энтеральной нервной системы является формирование многоэтажных замкнутых петлевидных контактов нервных волокон и клеток II типа Догеля с выраженными локальными и диффузными рецепторными ветвлениями. Таким образом, характерной особенностью энтеральной нервной системы является наличие многоклеточных связей нейроцитов в виде сети дистантных синцитиальных анастомозов. Эти анастомозы являются реальным доказательством ретикулярного принципа структурной организации вегетативных сплетений энтеральной нервной системы и ретикулярной концепции в целом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Syncytial connections between neurites were found using electron microscopy in the nervous system of cats, young pigs, as well as in the culture of mollusk ganglia cells. The possibility of detecting neural syncytia using the method of the unmasking of digital images of arborizations of interneuronal connections in the nervous tissue of the brain was established, but this method was not used to study of the enteric nervous system. The aim of the study was to analyze the submucosal and intermuscular autonomic nerve plexuses of the intestine of the domestic cat (Felis catus) by method of the unmasking of digital images. The material for the study was preparations of the small and large intestines. All manipulations with animals were carried out in compliance with Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union on the protection of animals used for scientific aims. The experiments were carried out on mature outbred cats (n=45). To obtain preparations, the intestinal vessels of experimental animals were sequentially perfused with solutions of barium hydroxide, then silver nitrate, and hydroquinone. After perfusion, intestinal preparations were taken and fixed. The obtained histological preparations (including ultramicroscopic ones) were studied by the method of unmasking of digital images (of the downscaling of the image resolution). As a result of the study, numerous distant syncytial anastomoses connecting the bodies of neurocytes of all types of Dogiel cells were revealed for the first time, and their properties were established. Widespread multiple morphological mono- and polyvalent ring syncytial structures were found. Their supposed function is the opposite direction of electric and axoplasmic flow. An in vivo feature of the reflex syncytial apparatus of the enteric nervous system is the formation of multi-tiered closed loop-like contacts of nerve fibers and type II Dogiel cells with pronounced local and diffuse receptor branches. Thus, a characteristic feature of the enteric nervous system is the presence of multicellular connections of neurocytes in the form of a network of distant syncytial anastomoses. These anastomoses are real proof of the reticular principle of the structural organization of the autonomic plexuses of the enteric nervous system and the reticular concept in general.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейронный синцитий</kwd><kwd>клетки Догеля II типа</kwd><kwd>энтеральная нервная система</kwd><kwd>кишечник</kwd><kwd>кошка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neuronal syncytium</kwd><kwd>Type II Dogiel cells</kwd><kwd>enteric nervous system</kwd><kwd>intestines</kwd><kwd>cat</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shvann T. Mikroskopicheskie issledovaniya o sootvetstvii i strukture i roste zhivotnykh i rasteniy. M.-L.: Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1939.- 463s. In Russian</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shvann T. Mikroskopicheskie issledovaniya o sootvetstvii i strukture i roste zhivotnykh i rasteniy. 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