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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2023.31(1).707</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-707</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИСКУССИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DISCUSSIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ВЕС ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА МЛЕКОПИТАЮЩИХ В СРАВНИТЕЛЬНО-АНАТОМИЧЕСКОМ РЯДУ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE WEIGHT OF THE MAMMALS BRAIN IN A COMPARATIVE ANATOMICAL ORDER</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8013-2748</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боголепова</surname><given-names>Ирина Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogolepova</surname><given-names>Irina N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик Российской академии наук, заведующая лабораторией цитоархитектоники и эволюции мозга Института мозга</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Laboratory of Cytoarchitectonics and Brain Evolution of the Brain Institute</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bogolepovaira@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9947-7057</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агапов</surname><given-names>Павел Алексеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agapov</surname><given-names>Pavel A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории цитоархитектоники и эволюции мозга Института мозга</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Cytoarchitectonics and Brain Evolution of the Brain Institute</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pavelscn@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малофеева</surname><given-names>Ирина Григорьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malofeeva</surname><given-names>Irina G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории цитоархитектоники и эволюции мозга Института мозга</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Fellow of the Laboratory of Cytoarchitectonics and Brain Evolution of the Brain Institute</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mig66@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Диффинэ</surname><given-names>Екатерина Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Diffine</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории цитоархитектоники и эволюции мозга Института мозга</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Fellow of the Laboratory of Cytoarchitectonics and Brain Evolution of the Brain Institute</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">diffinenok@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курьянова</surname><given-names>Лидия Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kur'yanova</surname><given-names>Lidiya M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборант-исследователь лаборатории цитоархитектоники и эволюции мозга Института мозга</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Research Assistant of the Laboratory of Cytoarchitectonics and Brain Evolution of the Brain Institute</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuranovalidia540@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научный центр неврологии, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Centre of Neurology, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>92</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Боголепова И.Н., Агапов П.А., Малофеева И.Г., Диффинэ Е.А., Курьянова Л.М., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Боголепова И.Н., Агапов П.А., Малофеева И.Г., Диффинэ Е.А., Курьянова Л.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bogolepova I.N., Agapov P.A., Malofeeva I.G., Diffine E.A., Kur'yanova L.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/707">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/707</self-uri><abstract><p>Cравнение и установление способности к мышлению между различными организмами и весом их мозга является сложной задачей. В некоторых работах сообщалось о попытках провести межвидовые корреляция между размерами мозга и когнитивными способностями, однако однозначных данных получено не было. Целью настоящего исследования явилось изучение веса мозга животных и цитоархитектонической организации его корковых формаций в сравнительно-анатомическом ряду. Исследовались препараты мозга коллекции лаборатории цитоархитектоники и эволюции мозга Института мозга Научного центра неврологии. Был изучен вес мозга 401 млекопитающего животного. Взятие материала осуществлялось в течение 24 часов после смерти животного, мозг фиксировался в 10% растворе нейтрального формалина, фотографировался. Отдельные участки мозга были порезаны во фронтальной плоскости для микроскопического исследования. Толщина срезов составила 20 мкм, препараты окрашены крезиловым фиолетовым по методу Ниссля. В сравнительно-анатомическом ряду отмечается развитие и усложнение структурной организации мозга животных, проявляющееся, прежде всего, в дифференцировке новой коры на отдельные цитоархитектонические области и корковые поля. В результате исследования установлено, что мозг грызунов имеет более примитивное строение, а у хищных по сравнению с мозгом грызунов определяются хорошо выраженные крупные дугообразные борозды и извилины, более сложное строение новой коры. Корковые формации мозга хищных представлены основными областями. Отмечаются значительные особенности в строении корковых формаций мозга приматов. Мозг обезьян четко делится на отдельные области, а области на отдельные корковые поля, четко выделяются все цитоархитектонические слои. В целом проведенное исследование показало, что в сравнительно-анатомическом ряду вес мозга животных увеличивается, при этом решающую роль в формировании и усложнении когнитивных функций, по-видимому, играет усложнение структурной организации корковых формаций мозга, ее дифференцировка на отдельные области, поля и подполя, а также изменение их нейронного состава.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Comparing and establishing the ability to think between different organisms and the weight of their brains is a difficult task. Some studies have reported attempts to draw cross-species correlations between brain size and cognitive abilities, but no unambiguous data have been obtained. The purpose of this study was analysis of changings of the weight of the brain of animals and the cytoarchitectonic organization of its cortical formations in a comparative anatomical series. Brain preparations from the collection of the Laboratory of Cytoarchitectonics and Brain Evolution of the Institute of the Brain of the Scientific Center of Neurology were studied. The brain weight of 401 mammals was studied. The material was taken within 24 hours after the death of the animal, the brain was fixed in a 10% solution of neutral formalin, and photographed. Separate areas of the brain were cut in the frontal plane for microscopic examination. The section thickness was 20 µm, the preparations were stained with cresyl-violet according to the Nissl method. In the comparative anatomical series, the development and complication of the structural organization of the brain of animals is noted, which manifests itself primarily in the differentiation of the new cortex into separate cytoarchitectonic areas and cortical fields. As a result of the study, it was found that the brain of rodents has a more primitive structure, and in carnivores, in comparison with the brain of rodents, well-defined large arcuate grooves and convolutions are determined, the structure of the new cortex is more complex. The cortical formations of the brain of carnivores are represented by the main areas. There are significant features in the structure of the cortical formations of the brain of primates. The brain of monkeys is clearly divided into separate regions, and the regions into separate cortical fields, all cytoarchitectonic layers are clearly distinguished. In general, the study showed that in the comparative anatomical series, the weight of the brain of animals increases, while the decisive role in the formation and complication of cognitive functions, apparently, is played by the complication of the structural organization of the cortical formations of the brain, its differentiation into separate areas, fields and subfields, as well as changes in their neural composition.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мозг</kwd><kwd>вес мозга</kwd><kwd>млекопитающие</kwd><kwd>сравнительная анатомия</kwd><kwd>цитоархитектоника</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>brain</kwd><kwd>brain weight</kwd><kwd>mammals</kwd><kwd>comparative anatomy</kwd><kwd>cytoarchitectonics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ivanovic DM, Leiva BP, Pérez HT et al. 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