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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2022.30(3).734</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-734</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЛИМФАТИЧЕСКАЯ СИСТЕМА – НОВЫЙ ВЗГЛЯД НА СТАРЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM – A NEW LOOK AT OLD PROBLEMS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркова</surname><given-names>Валерия Игоревна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markova</surname><given-names>Valeriya I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры морфологии и патологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Department of Morphology and Pathology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.i.markov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский университет РЕАВИЗ, Самара</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Private Medival University REAVIZ, Samara</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Маркова В.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маркова В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Markova V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/734">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/734</self-uri><abstract><p>Отсутствие адекватных методов одновременного выявления лимфатических и кровеносных микрососудов в полых и паренхиматозных органах не дает возможность выяснить морфологические основы лимфообразования и лимфдинамики. В соответствующей научной литературе информация о структурной организации лимфатической системы, полученная с помощью трансмиссионной и сканирующей электронной микроскопии, не дает исчерпывающих ответов на существующие до настоящего времени спорные и нерешенные вопросы структурной организации лимфомикроциркуляторного русла. Цель исследования – представить данные об организации инициального лимфатического русла, полученные на основе применения оригинальных импрегнационных методов. Исследования проведены на кошках (n=17) и собаках (n=11). Микрососудистое русло кишечника и эпикарда выявлялось вместе с окружающими тканями методом импрегнации. На гистологических препаратах в просвете разных по диаметру безмышечных лимфатических микрососудов в мышечной оболочке и в подслизистой основе кишечника были идентифицированы эндотелиальные трабекулы. в мышечной оболочке стенки кишечника обнаружены многочисленные интерстициальные каналы, сообщающиеся с открытыми лимфатическими капиллярами. Подобные каналы получили в литературе название «лимфатических прекапилляров» и «прелимфатических путей». В подслизистой основе стенки кишечника экспериментальных животных, кроме классических закрыто начинающихся капилляров, идентифицированы ранее неизвестные структуры – открытые перивазальные лимфатические микрососуды и впадающие в них открытые лимфатические капилляры. В просвете перивазальных лимфатиксов находятся артериолы или артерии. Лимфатические капилляры находятся в различных функциональных состояниях, что свидетельствует об их активной перистальтике и всасывающей способности, характеризующие их как утилизаторов «биологического мусора». В результате проведенных исследований получены новые объективные данные о структурной организации инициального лимфатического русла в паренхиматозных органах. Авторами показано, что вазомоторная активность инициальных лимфатиксов может служить морфологической основой гипотезы инициального лимфатического цикла, состоящего из фазы резорбции и фазы изгнания. Возникающие при такой двухфазной вазомоторной активности лимфатиксов перепады гидростатического давления в их просвете свидетельствуют об их важной роли в процессе лимфообразования и лимфоциркуляции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The lack of adequate methods for the simultaneous detection of lymphatic and blood microvessels in hollow organs does not make it possible to determine the morphological basis of lymph formation and lymph dynamics. In the relevant scientific literature, information about of the structural organization of the lymphatic system, obtained using transmission and scanning electron microscopy, does not provide exhaustive answers to the currently controversial and unresolved issues of the structural organization of the lymphatic microcirculatory bed. The purpose of the study is to presenting data on the organization of the initial lymphatic channel, obtained on the basis of the use of original impregnation methods. Studies were conducted on cats (n=17) and dogs (n=11). The microvascular bed of the intestine and epicardium was identified along with the surrounding tissues by impregnation. On histological preparations, endothelial trabeculae were identified in the lumen of non-muscular lymphatic microvessels of different diameters in the muscular layer and in the submucosa of the intestine. In the muscular layer of the intestinal wall, numerous interstitial channels were found that communicated with open lymphatic capillaries. In the submucosa of the intestinal wall of experimental animals, in addition to the classic capillaries that begin closedly, previously unknown structures were identified - open perivasal lymphatic microvessels and open lymphatic capillaries flowing into them. In the lumen of the perivasal lymphatics are arterioles or arteries. Lymphatic capillaries were in various functional states, which indicates their active peristalsis and suction capacity, which characterize them as utilizers of «biological debris». As a result of the conducted studies, new objective data on the structural organization of the initial lymphatic bed in hollow organs were obtained. The authors showed that the vasomotor activity of the initial lymphatics can serve as a morphological basis for the hypothesis of the initial lymphatic cycle, which consists of a resorption phase and an expulsion phase. The hydrostatic pressure drops in the lumen arising from such a two-phase vasomotor activity of the lymphatics indicate their important role in the process of lymph formation and lymph circulation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лимфатическая система</kwd><kwd>микроциркуляция</kwd><kwd>гемолимфатические контакты</kwd><kwd>лимфатиксы</kwd><kwd>вазо-моторная активность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lymphatic system</kwd><kwd>microcirculation</kwd><kwd>blood-lymphatic contacts</kwd><kwd>lymphatics</kwd><kwd>vasomotor activity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhdanov DA. Obshchaya anatomiya i fiziologiya limfaticheskoy sistemy.- Leningrad, 1952.- 336s. In Russian</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhdanov DA. Obshchaya anatomiya i fiziologiya limfaticheskoy sistemy.- Leningrad, 1952.- 336s. 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