morphoМорфологические ведомостиMorphological newsletter1812-31712686-8741Private Medical University REAVIZ10.20340/mv-mn.2022.30(4).746morpho-746Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯRESEARCH ARTICLESГИСТОТОПОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ И СТРУКТУРНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОЛЛИКУЛОВ ЩИТОВИДНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ СОБАК ПРИ ОДНОКРАТНЫХ ДИНАМИЧЕСКИХ ДВИГАТЕЛЬНЫХ НАГРУЗКАХHISTOTOPOGRAPHIC AND STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF CANINE THYROID GLAND FOLLICLES UNDER SINGLE DYNAMIC MOTOR LOADShttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2865-1473БезденежныхАндрей ВячеславовичBezdenezhnykhAndrey V.

доцент, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры нормальной анатомии

Candidate of Medical Sciences, Docent, Associate Professor of the Department of Normal Anatomy

natom311@gmail.comКолодежнаяСофья СергеевнаKolodezhnayaSofia S.

студентка

Studentin

sofyak1802@gmail.comНазароваДарья ЕвгеньевнаNazarovaDaria E.

студентка

Studentin

hello_dolly14@mail.ruБавринаАнна ПетровнаBavrinaAnna P.

кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры медицинской физики и информатики

Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Medical Physics and Informatics

annabavr@rambler.ruПриволжский исследовательский медицинский университет, Нижний НовгородРоссияPrivolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny NovgorodRussian Federation2022071120223042229Copyright © Безденежных А.В., Колодежная С.С., Назарова Д.Е., Баврина А.П., 20222022Безденежных А.В., Колодежная С.С., Назарова Д.Е., Баврина А.П.Bezdenezhnykh A.V., Kolodezhnaya S.S., Nazarova D.E., Bavrina A.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/746

Формирование срочной и долговременной адаптации организма при различных режимах двигательных нагрузок обеспечивается изменением активности щитовидной железы, функциональной единицей которой является тиреоидный фолликул. Точная оценка морфологических показателей фолликулов разных гистотопографических зон щитовидной железы обеспечивает исследователя объективной информацией о состоянии органа. Цель исследования – оценить влияние однократных тренирующих, стартовых и предельных двигательных нагрузок (бег на ленте тредмилла) на структурные и гистотопографические особенности фолликулов щитовидной железы собак. На поперечных срезах правой доли щитовидной железы собак, окрашенных гематоксилин-эозином, анализировалась площадь фолликулов. Измерения проводились в различных гистотопографических зонах железы (центральной, промежуточной, периферической), выделяемых относительно ее геометрического центра. Исследовались животные в контрольной группе (16 собак-самцов) и эксперименте (31 животное), у которых в результате однократных двигательных нагрузок формировалась различная ответная реакция, проявляющаяся в структурно-функциональных изменениях щитовидной железы. Проведенные авторами исследования показали, что мышечная деятельность приводит к активации функциональных единиц органа – фолликулов. Преобразование щитовидной железы в результате различной продолжительности двигательных нагрузок проявляется в облигатном вовлечении периферической зоны железы, достоверном уменьшении площади фолликулов, увеличении числа функционально более активных фолликулов малой площади, за счет уменьшения числа преимущественно больших и средних фолликулов, изменения коллоидно-эпителиального отношения. В зависимости от параметров однократных динамических двигательных нагрузок выявлено два способа первичного реагирования железы: либо за счет изменения числа фолликулов разной площади (большие, средние, малые), либо за счет изменения их соотношения в гистотопографических зонах органа (центральной, промежуточной, периферической). Моделирование различных параметров двигательных нагрузок может применятся для влияния на структурную реорганизацию щитовидной железы в эксперименте. Обнаруженная в настоящем исследовании постоянная структурная изменчивость периферической зоны может быть связана с особыми условиями кровоснабжения из капсулы железы.

The formation of urgent and long-term adaptation of the organism under various modes of motor loads is provided by a change in the activity of the thyroid gland, the functional unit of which is the thyroid follicle. An accurate assessment of the morphological parameters of the follicles of different histotopographic zones of the thyroid gland provides the researcher with objective information about the state of the organ. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of single training, starting and limiting motor loads (treadmill running) on ​​the structural and histotopographic features of the thyroid gland follicles in dogs. On transverse sections of the right lobe of the thyroid gland of dogs, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, the area of ​​the follicles were measured. The measurements were carried out in various histotopographic zones of the gland (central, intermediate, peripheral), distinguished relative to its geometric center. Animals were studied in the control group (16 male dogs) and in the experiment (31 animals), in which, as a result of single motor loads, a different response was formed, manifested in structural and functional changes in the thyroid gland. The studies showed that muscle activity leads to the activation of the functional units of the organ - follicles. The transformation of the thyroid gland as a result of various durations of motor loads is manifested in the obligate involvement of the peripheral zone of the gland, a significant decrease in the area of ​​follicles, an increase in the number of functionally more active follicles of a small area, due to a decrease in the number of predominantly large and medium follicles, and changes in the colloid-epithelial areas ratio. Depending on the parameters of single dynamic motor loads, two ways of primary response of the gland were revealed: either due to a change in the number of follicles of different areas (large, medium, small), or due to a change in their ratio in the histotopographic zones of the organ (central, intermediate, peripheral). Modeling of various parameters of motor loads can be used to analyse its of the influence the structural reorganization of the thyroid gland in the experiment. The constant structural variability of the peripheral zone found in the present study may be associated with special conditions of blood supply from the gland capsule.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.