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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2023.31(3).775</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-775</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ИММУНОГИСТОХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА ПРОЛИФЕРАЦИИ И АПОПТОЗА КЕРАТИНОЦИТОВ ПОСЛЕ ОДНОКРАТНОГО ФРАКЦИОННОГО ИОНИЗИРУЮЩЕГО ОБЛУЧЕНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF PROLIFERATION AND APOPTOSIS OF KERATINOCYTES AFTER A SINGLE FRACTIONAL IONIZING IRRADIATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2544-7696</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаповалова</surname><given-names>Елена Юрьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shapovalova</surname><given-names>Elena Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой гистологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Histology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shapovalova_l@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4619-7385</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марукян</surname><given-names>Анна Хачиковна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marukyan</surname><given-names>Anna Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры гистологии и эмбриологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aspirantin of the Department of Histology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marukyan87@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6235-1020</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вадюхин</surname><given-names>Матвей Анатольевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vadyukhin</surname><given-names>Matvey A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vma20@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8447-2600</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демяшкин</surname><given-names>Григорий Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demyashkin</surname><given-names>Grigory A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторией гистологии и иммунногистохимии Института трансляционной медицины и биотехнологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of the Laboratory of Histology and Immunohistochemistry, Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.dga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Крымский федеральный университет имени В.И. Вернадского, Симферополь<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова, Москва<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ВЕДОМОСТИ - MORPHOLOGICAL NEWSLETTER 2023-31-4</issue-title><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шаповалова Е.Ю., Марукян А.Х., Вадюхин М.А., Демяшкин Г.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шаповалова Е.Ю., Марукян А.Х., Вадюхин М.А., Демяшкин Г.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shapovalova E.Y., Marukyan A.K., Vadyukhin M.A., Demyashkin G.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/775">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/775</self-uri><abstract><p>Лучевую терапию не-меланомных видов рака кожи онкодерматологи и радиобиологи используют при неэффективном хирургическом лечении и в качестве адъювантной или паллиативной терапии. Создание экспериментальных моделей для изучения пролиферативно-апоптотического баланса кератиноцитов дает возможность оценить степень и глубину постлучевого повреждения кожи после воздействия электронами для подбора оптимальных доз в клинике. Цель исследования: иммуногистохимическая оценка пролиферации и апоптоза кератиноцитов после локального облучения электронами кожи. В эксперименте использованы крысы-самцы породы Вистар (n=50), которые были поделены на группы: I – контрольная (n=20), которым вводили физиологический раствор и опытные - которым было произведено локальное облучение электронами кожи наружной поверхности бедра: II – 8 Гр (n=10; однократное), III – 40 Гр (n=10, однократно), IV – фракционное по 13 Гр в течение 6 суток суммарной очаговой дохой 78 Гр (n=10;). После завершения эксперимента осуществляли биопсию кожи наружной поверхности бедра и производили иммуногистохимическое исследование гистологических препаратов с антителами к антигенам Ki-67, каспазе-3 и p53. Анализ фрагментов кожи после облучения показал смещение пролиферативно-апоптотического баланса в сторону апоптоза кератиноцитов: уменьшение уровня экспрессии Ki-67 и увеличение количества p53-позитивных клеток. После однократного облучения электронами в дозах 8 Гр и 40 Гр обнаружили достоверное увеличение кератиноцитов, позитивно окрашенных с антителами к каспазе-3, – в 3,4 и в 6,6 раз соответственно, а при фракционном режиме облучения в суммарной дозе 78 Грей – в 11,6 раз по сравнению с контрольной группой. Таким образом, локальное облучение электронами в разовых дозах 8 Гр и 40 Гр приводит к смещению пролиферативно-апоптотического баланса кератиноцитов в сторону их апоптоза, активность которого прямо пропорциональна дозе ионизирующего излучения, а фракционный режим (суммарная очаговая доза 78 Гр) приводит к частичной десквамации эпителия и воспалительной инфильтрации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Radiation therapy for non-melanoma skin cancers is used by oncologists and radiologists in cases of ineffective surgical treatment and as adjuvant or palliative therapy. The creation of experimental models to study the proliferative-apoptotic balance of keratinocytes makes it possible to assess the degree and depth of post-radiation skin damage after exposure to electrons in order to select optimal doses in the clinic. The purpose of the study: immunohistochemical assessment of proliferation and apoptosis of keratinocytes after local electron irradiation of the skin. The experiment used male Wistar rats (n=50), which were divided into groups: I – control (n=20), which were injected with saline solution, and experimental rats, which received local electron irradiation of the skin of the outer surface of the thigh: II – 8 Gy (n=10; single), III – 40 Gy (n=10, single), IV – fractional 13 Gy for 6 days with a total focal dose of 78 Gy (n=10;). After completion of the experiment, a skin biopsy of the outer surface of the thigh was performed and an immunohistochemical study of histological preparations with antibodies to the Ki-67, caspase-3 and p53 antigens was performed. Analysis of skin fragments after irradiation showed a shift in the proliferative-apoptotic balance towards keratinocyte apoptosis: a decrease in the level of Ki-67 expression and an increase in the number of p53-positive cells. After a single irradiation with electrons at doses of 8 Gy and 40 Gy, a significant increase in keratinocytes stained positively with antibodies to caspase-3 was found - by 3.4 and 6.6 times, respectively, and with a fractional irradiation mode at a total dose of 78 Gy - by 11.6 times compared to the control group. Thus, local irradiation with electrons in single doses of 8 Gy and 40 Gy leads to a shift in the proliferative-apoptotic balance of keratinocytes towards their apoptosis, the activity of which is directly proportional to the dose of ionizing radiation, and the fractional mode (total focal dose of 78 Gy) leads to partial desquamation of the epithelium and inflammatory infiltration.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эпидермис</kwd><kwd>ионизирующее облучение</kwd><kwd>кератиноциты</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd><kwd>пролиферация</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>epidermis</kwd><kwd>ionizing radiation</kwd><kwd>keratinocytes</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd><kwd>proliferation</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Perez M, Abisaad JA, Rojas KD, et al. 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