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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2023.31(3).790</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-790</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРОЛИФЕРАЦИИ И АПОПТОЗА ЭПИТЕЛИОЦИТОВ ТОЛСТОЙ КИШКИ КРЫС ПОСЛЕ ОБЛУЧЕНИЯ В ДОЗЕ 8 ГР</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FEATURES OF PROLIFERATION AND APOPTOSIS OF COLONIC EPITHELIOCYTES AFTER ELECTRON IRRADIATION AT A DOSE OF 8 GY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8606-8716</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саакян</surname><given-names>Сюзанна Вачагановна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saakyan</surname><given-names>Syuzanna V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aspirantin</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drsaakyan@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9833-3433</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каракаева</surname><given-names>Эльза Бахты-Гереевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karakaeva</surname><given-names>El'za B.-G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aspirantin</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kchr09@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2544-7696</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаповалова</surname><given-names>Елена Юрьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shapovalova</surname><given-names>Elena Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой гистологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Histology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shapovalova_l@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1621-7015</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зорин</surname><given-names>Илья Алексеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zorin</surname><given-names>Il'ya A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilyazorin99@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8447-2600</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демяшкин</surname><given-names>Григорий Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demyashkin</surname><given-names>Grigory A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторией гистологии и иммуногистохимии Первого Московского государственного медицинского университета имени И.М. Сеченова; заведующий лабораторией патологической морфологии Национального медицинского исследовательского центра радиологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of the Laboratory of Histology and Immunohistochemistry of the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University; Head of the Laboratory of Pathological Morphology of the National Medical Research Center of Radiology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.dga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Крымский федеральный университет имени В.И. Вернадского, Симферополь</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова, Москва; Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии, Обнинск</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow; National Medical Research Center of Radiology, Obninsk</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ВЕДОМОСТИ - MORPHOLOGICAL NEWSLETTER 2023-31-4</issue-title><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Саакян С.В., Каракаева Э.Б., Шаповалова Е.Ю., Зорин И.А., Демяшкин Г.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Саакян С.В., Каракаева Э.Б., Шаповалова Е.Ю., Зорин И.А., Демяшкин Г.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Saakyan S.V., Karakaeva E.B., Shapovalova E.Y., Zorin I.A., Demyashkin G.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/790">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/790</self-uri><abstract><p>Эпителиальные клетки кишечника характеризуются высокой митотической активностью и обладают высокой радиочувствительностью ко всем видам ионизирующего облучения, которые вызывают их повреждение. В современной морфологии и радиологии отсутствуют данные о воздействии активных электронов на слизистую оболочку кишечника, несмотря на перспективность и активное внедрение этого вида излучения для терапевтических целей в онкологии. Цель исследования: иммуногистохимическая оценка пролиферации и апоптоза клеток эпителия толстой кишки самцов крыс линии Вистар после локального облучения электронами в дозе 8 Гр. Облучение животных производили на линейном ускорителе NOVAC-11, при мощности дозы 1 Гр/мин, энергии 10 МэВ и частоте 9 Гц, диаметр поля облучения тазово-абдоминальной области составил 100 мм. Животных из каждой группы выводили из эксперимента на первые и третьи сутки. Гистологические препараты ободочной кишки (n=30) двух групп, первой – контрольной (n=10) и второй, опытной группы (n=20) исследовали иммуногистохимическим методом с антителами к Ki-67 и Cas3. В препаратах крыс, выведенных через сутки после облучения, выявили преобладание апоптотических процессов. Количество позитивных клеток на окраску с антителами к каспазе 3 было увеличено в 1,5 раза в опытной группе по сравнению с контрольной, а количество Ki-67-позитивных клеток, напротив, было снижено, в 1,5 раза. На 3 сутки после облучения электронами в эпителии толстой кишки количество иммунопозитивных клеток не отличалось от контрольных значений. Таким образом, при локальном однократном облучении электронами тазово-абдоминальной области крыс в дозе 8 Гр через сутки отмечается снижение количества стволовых эпителиальных клеток кишечных крипт ободочной кишки, что подтверждено сдвигом пролиферативно-апоптотического баланса в сторону гибели клеток. В динамике наблюдения на третьи сутки эксперимента наблюдается увеличение пула пролиферирующих клеток с последующим восстановлением кишечных крипт.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Intestinal epithelial cells are characterized by high mitotic activity and have high radiosensitivity to all types of ionizing radiation that cause their damage. In modern morphology and radiology, there is no data on the effect of active electrons on the intestinal mucosa, despite the promise and active implementation of this type of radiation for therapeutic purposes in oncology. Purpose of the study: immunohistochemical assessment of proliferation and apoptosis of colon epithelial cells in male Wistar rats after local irradiation with electrons at a dose of 8 Gy. Animals were irradiated using a linear accelerator NOVAC-11, at a dose rate of 1 Gy/min, energy of 10 MeV and frequency of 9 Hz, the diameter of the irradiation field of the pelvic-abdominal region was 100 mm. Animals from each group were removed from the experiment on the first and third days. Histological preparations of the colon (n=30) from two groups, the first control group (n=10) and the second experimental group (n=20), were examined by immunohistochemical method with antibodies to Ki-67 and Cas3. In preparations of rats bred one day after irradiation, a predominance of apoptotic processes was revealed. The number of positive cells stained with antibodies to caspase 3 was increased by 1.5 times in the experimental group compared to the control group, and the number of Ki-67-positive cells, on the contrary, was reduced by 1.5 times. On day 3 after electron irradiation in the epithelium of the colon, the number of immunopositive cells did not differ from control values. Thus, with local single irradiation of the pelvic-abdominal region of rats with electrons at a dose of 8 Gy, a decrease in the number of stem epithelial cells of the intestinal crypts of the colon is observed every other day, which is confirmed by a shift in the proliferative-apoptotic balance towards cell death. In the dynamics of observation on the third day of the experiment, an increase in the pool of proliferating cells is observed, followed by restoration of intestinal crypts.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>слизистая оболочка толстой кишки</kwd><kwd>ионизирующее облучение энтероциты</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd><kwd>пролиферация</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>colon mucosa</kwd><kwd>ionizing radiation</kwd><kwd>enterocytes</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd><kwd>proliferation</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang L, Yu J. Role of apoptosis in colon cancer biology, therapy, and prevention. Curr Colorectal Cancer Rep. 2013;9(4):10.1007/s11888-013-0188-z. DOI:10.1007/s11888-013-0188-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang L, Yu J. 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