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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2024.32(1).843</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-843</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ДИНАМИКА МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ В ОРГАНАХ С РАЗЛИЧНОЙ РАДИОРЕЗИСТЕНТНОСТЬЮ НА РАННИХ СРОКАХ ПОСЛЕ ОБЛУЧЕНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES DYNAMICS AT THE EARLY STAGES AFTER IRRADIATION IN ORGANS WITH DIFFERENT RADIORESISTANCE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3380-9223</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миргородская</surname><given-names>Ольга Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirgorodskaya</surname><given-names>Ol'ga E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры гистологии с курсом эмбриологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Histology with Embryology Course</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mirgolga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова, Санкт-Петербург</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint-Petersburg</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>ID-843</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Миргородская О.Е., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Миргородская О.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mirgorodskaya O.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/843">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/843</self-uri><abstract><p>Использование лучевой и сочетанной терапии в качестве стандартного метода лечения злокачественных новообразований делает актуальным изучение структурных изменений, топографически близко расположенных к ним органов, обладающих различной степенью резистентности. Цель работы – морфологическая характеристика и анализ реактивных изменений слизистой оболочки тонкой кишки, структур коркового вещества почки и респираторного отдела легкого на ранних сроках после воздействия рентгеновского излучения на 1-е, 3-и и 5-е сутки. Объект исследования – половозрелые беспородные белые мыши-самцы массой тела 18–22 г (n=72). Путем воздействия рентгеновского излучения с поглощенной дозой 7 Грей моделировали острую лучевую болезнь. Гистологический материал фиксировали и обрабатывали по стандартному методу для электронной трансмиссионной микроскопии, с помощью световой микроскопии изучали на ультратонких срезах после окраски толуидиновым синим. В первые сутки после воздействия в капиллярах почечных телец, в капиллярах респираторного отдела легкого и стромы ворсинок тонкой кишки отмечены расширения и деформации просвета. На 3-и сутки в эпителиальной выстилке тонкой кишки – микроворсинчатых эпителиоцитах, цитоплазма базальной части которых сильно вакуолизирована, нарушены контакты между клетками. Снижается количество бокаловидных экзокриноцитов, по сравнению с показателями у интактных мышей. Деформация и сглаживание складчатости слизистой оболочки продолжается и на 5-е сутки. На 5-е сутки резко растет количество макрофагов в респираторном отделе легкого на фоне реактивных изменений сосудов микроциркуляторного русла. В нефронах почки сосудистые изменения отмечены вначале в капиллярной сети почечного тельца, а затем и в капиллярах, расположенных между проксимальными канальцами нефрона. Проведенное комплексное исследование органов подтверждает общее представление о первичности дистрофических изменений сосудов микроциркуляторного русла различных по радиочувствительности органов (легкое, почка, тонкая кишка) на ранних стадиях экспериментальной лучевой болезни наряду с более специфическими проявлениями действия облучения в эпителии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>It is important to examine structural changes in topographically close organs with varying degrees of resistance because the standard method of treating malignant neoplasms uses radiation and combined therapy. The aim of the work is morphological characteristics and analysis of reactive changes in the small intestinal mucosa, structures of the renal cortex and respiratory part of the lung in the early stages after exposure to X-rays on the 1st, 3rd and 5th days. The object of the study is sexually mature outbred white male mice weighing 18-22 g (n=72). Acute radiation sickness was modeled by exposure to X-rays with an absorbed dose of 7 Gray. The standard method for electron transmission microscopy was applied to histological material before examining it through light microscopy after toluidine blue staining. During the first day after the exposure, lumen expansions and deformations were noted in the capillaries of the renal corpuscles, in the capillaries of the respiratory section of the lung and in the stroma of the villi of the small intestine. The basal part of microvillous epithelial cells in the epithelial lining of the small intestine is highly vacuolarized on the 3rd day, causing disruption of cell contacts. The number of mucosal intestinal cells decreases, compared with the indices in intact mice. Deformation and smoothing of the folding of the mucous membrane continues on the 5th day. On the 5th day, the number of macrophages in the respiratory section of the lung sharply increases against the background of reactive changes in the vessels of the microcirculatory bed. In the nephrons of the kidney, vascular changes were noted first in the capillary network of the renal corpuscle, and then in the capillaries located between the proximal tubules of the nephron. The conducted comprehensive study of organs confirms the general idea of ​​the primacy of dystrophic changes in the vessels of the microcirculatory bed of organs with different radiosensitivity (lung, kidney, small intestine) in the early stages of experimental radiation sickness, along with more specific manifestations of the effects of radiation in the epithelium.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лучевая болезнь</kwd><kwd>экспериментальная модель</kwd><kwd>мыши</kwd><kwd>тонкая кишка</kwd><kwd>почка</kwd><kwd>легкое</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>radiation sickness</kwd><kwd>experimental model</kwd><kwd>mice</kwd><kwd>small intestine</kwd><kwd>kidney</kwd><kwd>lung</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arroyo‑Hernández M, Maldonado F, Lozano‑Ruiz F, et al. Radiation‑induced lung injury: current evidence. 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