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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2024.32(4).904</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-904</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>К АКТУАЛЬНОСТИ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ МОРФОФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ЛИМФОИДНОЙ ТКАНИ БОЛЬШОГО САЛЬНИКА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ON THE RLEVANCE OF THE GREATER OMENTUM LYMPHOID TISSUE MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS STUDYING</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6543-6801</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солдатова</surname><given-names>Сардана Нюргустановна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soldatova</surname><given-names>Sardana N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры анатомии человека</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aspirantin of the Human Anatomy Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">soldatova316@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6341-0109</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гармаева</surname><given-names>Дарима Кышектовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garmaeva</surname><given-names>Darima K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой анатомии человека</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Human Anatomy Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dari66@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-восточный федеральный университет имени М.К. Аммосова, Якутск</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>2</issue><elocation-id>id-904 Cтатья опубликована / The Article is published</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Солдатова С.Н., Гармаева Д.К., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Солдатова С.Н., Гармаева Д.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Soldatova S.N., Garmaeva D.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/904">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/904</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время в связи с запросами практической медицины (абдоминальной, торакальной, гинекологической, реконструктивно-пластической хирургии, онкологии) изучение морфологии, пластичности, реактивных и адаптивных функций большого сальника сохраняет свою актуальность. Поскольку, большой сальник является частым местом метастатического поражения, изучение его иммунных (лимфоидных) структур имеет особую актуальность. Цель исследования – мета-анализ современной научной литературы, посвященных млечным пятнам большого сальника, представляющих собой важный компонент лимфоидной ткани, которые участвуют в внутрибрюшном иммунном ответе. Материалы и методы исследования включали систематический обзор отечественной и зарубежной научной литературы и анализ собранных данных. Для проведения анализа были отобраны публикации, охватывающие клинические наблюдения, патоморфологические исследования и данные о взаимосвязи млечных пятен с различными заболеваниями. В обзоре освещена анатомия, функция большого сальника, морфология иммунной ткани большого сальника (лимфоидные скопления - млечные пятна). Молочные пятна располагаются в ткани большого сальника и выполняют важные функции в иммунной системе организма. Исследования показывают, что эти образования активно участвуют в иммунном ответе, обеспечивая защиту от инфекций и воспалительных процессов. Анатомия млечных пятен включает разнообразные клеточные компоненты, среди которых можно выделить лимфоциты, макрофаги и дендритные клетки, которые взаимодействуют друг с другом, формируя сложные механизмы иммунного ответа. Биологические свойства сальника включают его способность к неоваскуляризации, гемостазу, заживлению и регенерации тканей, а также функцию инкубатора in vivo для культивирования клеток и тканей. Некоторые из этих свойств давно отмечены в хирургической практике и используются эмпирически в некоторых лечебных процедурах. Морфологические исследования, проведенные на различных моделях, подтверждают значимость млечных пятен в поддержании гомеостаза и развитии патогенеза различных заболеваний. Обсуждаются возможные патогенетические механизмы, которые могут повлиять на функцию данных образований. Настоящий обзор подчеркивает важность дальнейших исследований для полного понимания роли млечных пятен в процессе иммунной активности и их клинического значения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Currently, for some branches of practical medicine (abdominal, thoracic, gynecological, reconstructive-plastic surgery, oncology), the study of the morphology, plasticity, reactive and adaptive functions of the greater omentum remains relevant. Since the greater omentum is a frequent site of metastases of various tumors, the study of its immune (lymphoid) structures is of particular relevance. The purpose of the study is a meta-analysis of modern scientific literature devoted to milky spots of the greater omentum, which are an important component of lymphoid tissue that participate in the intra-abdominal immune response. The materials and methods of the study included a systematic review of domestic and foreign scientific literature and analysis of the collected data. For the analysis, publications were selected that cover clinical observations, pathomorphological studies and data on the relationship of milky spots with various diseases. The review covers the anatomy, function of the greater omentum, morphology of the immune tissue of the greater omentum (lymphoid clusters - milky spots). Milky spots are located in the tissue of the greater omentum and perform important functions in the body's immune system. Studies show that these formations are actively involved in the immune response, providing protection against infections and inflammatory processes. The anatomy of milky spots includes a variety of cellular components, including lymphocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells that interact with each other, forming complex mechanisms of the immune response. Biological properties of the omentum include its ability to neovascularize, hemostasis, tissue healing and regeneration, as well as the function of an in vivo incubator for culturing cells and tissues. Some of these properties have long been noted in surgical practice and are used empirically in some therapeutic procedures. Morphological studies conducted on various models confirm the importance of milky spots in maintaining homeostasis and the development of pathogenesis of various diseases. Possible pathogenetic mechanisms that may influence the function of these lesions are discussed. This review highlights the importance of further research to fully understand the role of milky spots in immune activity and their clinical significance.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>большой сальник</kwd><kwd>млечные пятна</kwd><kwd>лимфоидная ткань</kwd><kwd>иммунная система</kwd><kwd>анатомия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>greater omentum</kwd><kwd>milky spots</kwd><kwd>lymphoid tissue</kwd><kwd>immune system</kwd><kwd>anatomy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gozman ES. Tsitomorfologicheskaya struktura bol'shogo sal'nika pri pogranichnoy opukholi yaichnikov. Acta Medica Eurasica. 2023;3:74-83. In Russian. https://doi.org/10.47026/2413-4864-2023-3-74-83</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gozman ES. Tsitomorfologicheskaya struktura bol'shogo sal'nika pri pogranichnoy opukholi yaichnikov. 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