morphoМорфологические ведомостиMorphological newsletter1812-31712686-8741Private Medical University REAVIZ10.20340/mv-mn.2024.32(4).915morpho-915Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯRESEARCH ARTICLESИММУНОГИСТОХИМИЧЕСКОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ MTOR+-ФИБРОБЛАСТОВ В ДИНАМИКЕ РАЗВИТИЯ И СТАРЕНИЯ КОЖИ ЧЕЛОВЕКАIMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF MTOR+-FIBROBLASTS IN THE HUMAN SKIN DEVELOPMENT AND AGING DYNAMICShttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5436-1333ГолубцоваНаталья НиколаевнаGolubtsovaNatal'ya N.

доктор биологических наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой общей и клинической морфологии и судебной медицины

Doctor of Biological Siences, Docent, Head of the  General and Clinical Morphology and Forensic Medicine Department

golubnata@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-5937-1315ПрокопьеваТатьяна НиколаевнаProkop'evaTat'yana N.

старший преподаватель кафедры общей и клинической морфологии и судебной медицины

Senior Lecturer of the  General and Clinical Morphology and Forensic Medicine Department

doctor.geriatr@gmail.comЧувашский государственный университет имени И.Н. Ульянова, ЧебоксарыРоссияUlyanov Chuvash State University, CheboksaryRussian Federation202417122024324id-915 Cтатья опубликована / The Article is publishedCopyright © Голубцова Н.Н., Прокопьева Т.Н., 20242024Голубцова Н.Н., Прокопьева Т.Н.Golubtsova N.N., Prokop'eva T.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/915

Путь мишени рапамицина у млекопитающих (mTOR) является важным клеточным сигнальным путем, участвующим в ряде важных физиологических функций, включая рост клеток, пролиферацию, метаболизм, синтез белка и аутофагию в ответ на различные внешние стимулы. Сигнальный путь mTOR существенно влияет на процессы старения в организме, регулируя клеточные функции и адаптацию к стрессовым условиям, но его значение для развития и физиологического старения кожи человека остается недостаточно изученным и открывает перспективы для дальнейших исследований. Цель исследования – изучение динамики изменений доли mTOR+-фибробластов в дерме человека в процессе развития и старения кожи и определение возможной роли mTOR в регуляции численности и пролиферативной активности фибробластов в процессе ее возрастных изменений. В качестве материала для исследования использованы 114 препаратов кожи случаев аутопсий различного возраста. Образцы кожи представляли собой аутоптаты нижней части передней поверхности шеи, полученные у плодов, начиная с 20 недели беременности, и людей, от рождения до 85 лет. MTOR+-, PCNA+- и виментин+-фибробласты изучали на фиксированных формалином срезах иммуногистохимическим методом. Полученные результаты позволяют заключить, что в коже плодов достоверно больше mTOR+-фибробластов, по сравнению с кожей людей от рождения до 85 лет. Доля фибробластов экспрессирующих mTOR в дерме человека статистически достоверно уменьшается с 20-недельного возраста до 60 лет с 95% до 78%, что доказывает значение фактора возраста в содержании mTOR+-фибробластов в дерме человека. В постнатальный период наблюдается постепенное уменьшение доли mTOR+-фибробластов. Отрицательная динамика возрастных изменений доли mTOR+-фибробластов в дерме начиная с фетального периода развития до 60 лет однонаправлена с возрастной динамикой общего числа и пролиферативной активности фибробластов. Таким образом, получены доказательства возрастной специфики участия mTOR в регуляции пролиферации фибробластов в дерме кожи человека.

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is an important cellular signaling pathway involved in a number of important physiological functions, including cell growth, proliferation, metabolism, protein synthesis and autophagy in response to various external stimuli. The mTOR signaling pathway significantly affects the aging process in the body, regulating cellular functions and adaptation to stressful conditions, but its significance for the development and physiological aging of human skin remains poorly understood and opens up prospects for further research. The aim of the study was to study the dynamics of changes in the proportion of mTOR+-fibroblasts in the human dermis during skin development and aging and to determine the possible role of mTOR in regulating the number and proliferative activity of fibroblasts during its age-related changes. The study material included 114 skin preparations from autopsy cases of different ages. The skin samples were autopsies of the lower part of the anterior neck surface obtained from fetuses starting from the 20th week of pregnancy and from humans from birth to 85 years of age. MTOR+-, PCNA+- and vimentin+-fibroblasts were studied on formalin-fixed sections using the immunohistochemical method. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the skin of fetuses contains significantly more mTOR+-fibroblasts than the skin of humans from birth to 85 years of age. The proportion of fibroblasts expressing mTOR in the human dermis statistically significantly decreases from the age of 20 weeks to 60 years from 95% to 78%, which proves the importance of the age factor in the content of mTOR+-fibroblasts in the human dermis. In the postnatal period, a gradual decrease in the proportion of mTOR+-fibroblasts is observed. The negative dynamics of age-related changes in the proportion of mTOR+-fibroblasts in the dermis from the fetal period to 60 years of age is in the same direction as the age-related dynamics of the total number and proliferative activity of fibroblasts. Thus, evidence has been obtained for the age-specificity of mTOR participation in the regulation of fibroblast proliferation in the dermis of human skin.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.