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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2025.33(2).923</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-923</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА СОСТОЯНИЯ БРЮШИНЫ И ПЕРЕДНЕЙ БРЮШНОЙ СТЕНКИ ПРИ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОМ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИИ ПЕРИТОНИТА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MORPHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE PERITONEUM AND ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL STATE IN PERITONITIS EXPERIMENTAL MODELING</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6023-5683</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилов</surname><given-names>Андрей Дмитриевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilov</surname><given-names>Andrey D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры факультетской хирургии и онкологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Faculty Surgery and Oncology Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">surgery1994@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5859-7928</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капралов</surname><given-names>Сергей Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapralov</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой факультетской хирургии и онкологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Docent, Head of the Faculty Surgery and Oncology Department </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sergejkapralov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3803-2644</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>Кирилл Андреевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkov</surname><given-names>Kirill A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kvolee@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7538-7412</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полиданов</surname><given-names>Максим Андреевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polidanov</surname><given-names>Maksim А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>специалист научного отдела</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Scientific Research Department Specialist</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maksim.polidanoff@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2433-8228</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мыльников</surname><given-names>Артём Михайлович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Myl'nikov</surname><given-names>Artem M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры патологической анатомии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Pathology Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artyom-mylnikov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1050-5240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амиров</surname><given-names>Эльдар Вильданович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amirov</surname><given-names>El'dar V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры факультетской факультетской хирургии и онкологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Docent, Associate Professor of the Faculty Surgery and Oncology Department </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evamirov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5140-7757</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смолькина</surname><given-names>Антонина Васильевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smol'kina</surname><given-names>Antonina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой общей и оперативной хирургии с топографической анатомией и курсом стоматологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the General and Operative Surgery with Topographical Anatomy and Stomatology Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smolant1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3206-7920</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрунькин</surname><given-names>Родион Павлович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrun'kin</surname><given-names>Rodion P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rodyj16@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Саратовский государственный медицинский университет имени В.И. Разумовского, Саратов</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет РЕАВИЗ, Санкт-Петербург</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>REAVIZ Private University, Saint-Petersburg</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ульяновский государственный университет, Ульяновск</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ulyanovsk State University, Ulyanovsk</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>2</issue><elocation-id>id-923 Cтатья опубликована / The Article is published</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Данилов А.Д., Капралов С.В., Волков К.А., Полиданов М.А., Мыльников А.М., Амиров Э.В., Смолькина А.В., Петрунькин Р.П., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Данилов А.Д., Капралов С.В., Волков К.А., Полиданов М.А., Мыльников А.М., Амиров Э.В., Смолькина А.В., Петрунькин Р.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Danilov A.D., Kapralov S.V., Volkov K.A., Polidanov M.А., Myl'nikov A.M., Amirov E.V., Smol'kina A.V., Petrun'kin R.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/923">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/923</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время предложено множество способов моделирования острого распространенного перитонита на животных, однако, создание адекватной экспериментальной его модели по-прежнему остается нерешенной актуальной проблемой хирургии. Важным аспектом моделирования является морфологический контроль и оценка разрабатываемых моделей. Целью исследования стала патоморфологическая оценка состояния брюшины и тканей передней брюшной стенки при экспериментальном моделировании распространенного калового перитонита у лабораторных крыс. В соответственно с целью экспериментального исследования были проведены серии экспериментов на 20 белых крысах-самцах породы «Стандарт» массой 200±50 г. Было разработано устройство для моделирования перитонита – вакуумный лазерный кишечный перфоратор, который позволяет зафиксировать стенку кишки и нанести точный перфорационный дефект заданного диаметра, ткани которого в последующем являются патологическим субстратом для развития распространенного калового перитонита. В ходе эксперимента каловый перитонит развился у всех 20 лабораторных животных. Макроскопически и гистологически были изучены фрагменты ткани париетальной брюшины передней брюшной стенки и препараты печени. Препараты париетальной брюшины, макроскопически белого цвета, были представлены фиброзно-эластической соединительной тканью со слабой нейтрофильно-лейкоцитарной и лимфоцитарной инфильтрацией. В гистологических препаратах субмезотелиально наблюдалась зрелая жировая ткань, мышечная ткань передней брюшной стенки находилась в состоянии коагуляционного некроза с единичной лимфоцитарной инфильтрацией, что может служить косвенными признаками начала перитонита. Печень животных на разрезе напоминала рисунок «мускатного ореха». Микроскопически в ее препаратах ее гистоархитектоника была сохранена. Портальные тракты были расширены, последние также как и желчные протоки и печеночные артерии имели типичное строение, их строма была выполнена рыхлой соединительной тканью, слабо инфильтрирована лимфоцитами, целостность пограничной пластинки не нарушена. Совокупность этих процессов в сочетании с определенными изменениями в печеночной ткани можно охарактеризовать как начальные стадии воспалительного процесса в брюшной полости животных с явлениями токсического поражения печени.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Currently, many techniques to simulate acute widespread peritonitis on animals have been proposed, however, the creation of an adequate experimental model is still an unresolved problem of surgery. An important aspect of modeling is morphological control and evaluation of the developed models. The aim of the study was a morphological assessment of the condition of the peritoneum and tissues of the anterior abdominal wall during experimental modeling of diffuse fecal peritonitis in laboratory rats. In accordance with the aim of experimental research, a series of experiments on 20 white rats of the «Standard» breed weighing 200±50 g was made. Also, device for modeling peritonitis-vacuum laser intestinal perforator, which allows to fixed the intestinal wall and make an accurate perforation defect of a given diameter, the fabric of which is subsequently a pathological substrate for the development of a diffuse fecal peritonitis. During the experiment, fecal peritonitis developed in all 20 laboratory animals. Macroscopically and histologically, fragments of the tissue of the peritoneum parietal layer with the anterior abdominal wall and liver preparations were studied. Preparations of the peritoneum parietal layer (macroscopically - white), were represented by fibrous-elastic connective tissue with weak neutrophilic leucocytic and lymphocytic infiltration. In histological preparations, mature adipose tissue was observed in area under mesothelium, the muscle tissue of the anterior abdominal wall was in a state of coagulation necrosis with single lymphocytic infiltration, which can serve as indirect signs of the beginning of peritonitis. The liver on the section resembled a pattern of «nutmeg». In its preparations the general tissues architectonics it was preserved. Portal tracts were expanded, the latter as bile ducts and hepatic arteries had a typical structure, their stroma was performed by loose connective tissue, weakly infiltrated with lymphocytes, the integrity of the border plate was not disturbed. The combination of these processes with certain changes in the liver tissue, can be characterized as the initial stages of the inflammatory process in the abdominal cavity of animals.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>перитонит</kwd><kwd>моделирование</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>патоморфология</kwd><kwd>крысы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>peritonitis: modeling</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>pathology</kwd><kwd>rats</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Asan TB, Baltabaeva UB, Begaly AK i dr. Osnovnye prichiny letal'nykh iskhodov pri rasprostranennom peritonite. Vestnik Kazakhskogo natsional'nogo meditsinskogo universiteta. 2020;4:349-354. In Russian</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Asan TB, Baltabaeva UB, Begaly AK i dr. Osnovnye prichiny letal'nykh iskhodov pri rasprostranennom peritonite. 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