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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2025.33(3).970</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-970</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ПАРОДОНТА ПОД ВЛИЯНИЕМ УМЕНЬШЕННОЙ ЖЕВАТЕЛЬНОЙ НАГРУЗКИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE PERIODONTIUM MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGESUNDER THE REDUCED CHEWING LOAD INFLUENCE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Храмова</surname><given-names>Ирина Валерьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khramova</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирантка</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aspirantin</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">81khramova@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марков</surname><given-names>Игорь Иванович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markov</surname><given-names>Igor I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, советник ректора</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, the Rector Advisor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">markovii2601@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский университет РЕАВИЗ, Самара</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>REAVIZ Private Medical University, Samara</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>3</issue><elocation-id>id-970</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Храмова И.В., Марков И.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Храмова И.В., Марков И.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khramova I.V., Markov I.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/970">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/970</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучение влияния жевательной нагрузки на структуру и функцию пародонта является важным направлением в стоматологии. Нарушение окклюзионных взаимоотношений, отсутствие зубов или длительное использование мягкой диеты приводят к гипофункции жевательного аппарата, что провоцирует атрофические и дистрофические процессы в тканях пародонта. Жевательная нагрузка является ключевым фактором, поддерживающим гомеостаз пародонта. Цель исследования - установить закономерности структурно-функциональной перестройки пародонта при экспериментальной жевательной гипофункции. Проведено изучение временных и качественных характеристик морфо-функциональных изменений пародонта при экспериментальном моделировании жевательной гипофункции. В работе использовано 60 половозрелых беспородных белых крыс (возраст 6 месяцев, масса 250-300 г). Животные были разделены на 2 группы. Основная группа (n=45) с экспериментальным моделированной жевательной гипофункции, контрольную группу (n=15) составили интактные животные. Моделирование жевательной гипофункции осуществлялось кормлением животных назначением диспергированного до состояния пюре мягкого корма. Длительность эксперимента составила 12 недель. Для оценки результатов использовались рентгенологический микрокомпьютерный метод, гистологический, иммуногистохимический, молекулярно-биологический и биомеханический анализы. Через 12 недель гипофункции показатель отношения объема кости к общему объему костной ткани снизился на 29% (&lt;0,001), что свидетельствует о выраженной резорбции костной ткани. Толщина трабекул уменьшилась на 33%, а количество трабекул уменьшилось на 34% (&lt;0,001), что в целом подтверждает нарушение микроархитектоники костной ткани. Гистологические исследования показали, что к 12 неделе эксперимента произошло уменьшение толщины периодонтальной связки на 38,7%, на 42,3% снизилось количество остеоцитов, в 2,1 раза возросло число остеокластов. Молекулярно-биологические изменения относительно контроля заключались в снижении синтеза альфа-цепи коллагена первого типа в 0,6 раз и активности щелочной фосфатазы в 0,5 раза, а также росте активности тартрат-резистентной кислой фсфатазы в 1,8 раза, (все изменения достоверны (p&lt;0,001). Результаты экспериментального исследования объясняют ускоренную потерю зубов у пациентов с односторонним жеванием.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The studying the influence of masticatory load on the structure and function of the periodontium is an important area of ​​research in dentistry. Disruption of occlusal relationships, the absence of teeth, or prolonged use of a soft diet led to hypofunction of the masticatory apparatus, which provokes atrophic and dystrophic processes in periodontal tissues. Masticatory load is a key factor maintaining periodontal homeostasis. The aim of this study was to establish patterns of structural and functional reorganization of the periodontium during experimental masticatory hypofunction. The temporal and qualitative characteristics of morpho-functional changes in the periodontium were studied during experimental modeling of masticatory hypofunction. Sixty mature outbred white rats (6 months old, weighing 250-300 g) were used in the study. The animals were divided into 2 groups. The main group (n=45) with experimentally modeled masticatory hypofunction, and the control group (n=15) consisted of intact animals. Masticatory hypofunction was simulated by feeding the animals soft food dispersed to a puree state. The experiment lasted 12 weeks. The results were evaluated using a micro-computerized X-ray method, histological, immunohistochemical, molecular biological, and biomechanical analyses. After 12 weeks of hypofunction, the bone volume to total bone tissue ratio decreased by 29% (&lt;0.001), indicating pronounced bone resorption. The trabecular thickness decreased by 33%, and the number of trabeculae decreased by 34% (&lt;0.001), which generally confirms a disruption of bone tissue microarchitecture. Histological studies showed that by week 12 of the experiment, the periodontal ligament thickness decreased by 38.7%, the osteocyte count decreased by 42.3%, and the osteoclast count increased by 2.1 times. Molecular biological changes relative to the control included a 0.6-fold decrease in the synthesis of the alpha chain of type I collagen and a 0.5-fold decrease in alkaline phosphatase activity, as well as a 1.8-fold increase in the activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (all changes are significant (p&lt;0.001). The results of the experimental study explain the accelerated tooth loss in patients with unilateral chewing.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пародонт</kwd><kwd>альвеолярный отросток</kwd><kwd>жевательная гипофункция</kwd><kwd>периодонтальная связка</kwd><kwd>резорбция кости</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>periodontium</kwd><kwd>alveolar process</kwd><kwd>masticatory hypofunction</kwd><kwd>periodontal ligament</kwd><kwd>bone resorption</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tsimbalistov AV, Mikhaylova ES. Molekulyarnye mekhanizmy remodelirovaniya kostnoy tkani pri zhevatel'noy gipofunktsii. Parodontologiya. 2021;26(3):45-51. https://doi.org/10.33925/1683-3759-2021-26-3-45-51. In Russian</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsimbalistov AV, Mikhaylova ES. 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