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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">morpho</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Морфологические ведомости</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological newsletter</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-3171</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8741</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Private Medical University REAVIZ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/mv-mn.2025.33(4).981</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">morpho-981</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МОЛЕКУЛЯРНО-БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ В МИОКАРДЕ САМЦОВ МЫШЕЙ BALB/C НА РАЗНЫХ СРОКАХ АУТОИММУННОГО МИОКАРДИТА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MOLECULAR AND BIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE MYOCARDIUM OF MALE BALB/C MICE AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF AUTOIMMUNE MYOCARDITIS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3887-6828</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельникова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Андреевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mel'nikova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант, лаборант-исследователь лаборатории нейроморфологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate student, laboratory researcher at the Laboratory of Neuro-Morphology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekaterina@melnikova.online</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5064-219X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сентябрева</surname><given-names>Александра Владиславовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sentyabreva</surname><given-names>Alexandra V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник лаборатории нейроморфологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher at the Neuromorphology Laboratory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexandraasentyabreva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0946-1105</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цветков</surname><given-names>Иван Сергеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cvetkov</surname><given-names>Ivan S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммуноморфологии воспаления</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Immunomorphology of Inflammation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">davedm66@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6182-1799</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косырева</surname><given-names>Анна Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosyreva</surname><given-names>Anna M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующая лабораторией нейроморфологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher, Head of the Neuromorphology Laboratory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kosyreva.a@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский научный центр хирургии имени академика Б.В. Петровского, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academician B.V. Petrovsky Russian Scientific Center of Surgery, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>4</issue><elocation-id>id-981</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мельникова Е.А., Сентябрева А.В., Цветков И.С., Косырева А.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мельникова Е.А., Сентябрева А.В., Цветков И.С., Косырева А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mel'nikova E.А., Sentyabreva A.V., Cvetkov I.S., Kosyreva A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/981">https://www.morpholetter.com/jour/article/view/981</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценить морфологические и молекулярно-биологические изменения миокарда у самцов мышей BALB/c на 14-е, 28-е, 42-е и 60-е сутки экспериментального аутоиммунного миокардита.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Экспериментальный аутоиммунный миокардит индуцировали у половозрелых самцов мышей BALB/c (n=60) путём трёхкратной подкожной иммунизации гомогенатом миокарда свиньи с полным адъювантом Фрейнда. Животных выводили из эксперимента на 14-е, 28-е, 42-е и 60-е сутки. Проводили морфологическое исследование с окраской гематоксилином и эозином, по Маллори, иммуногистохимическое исследование (CD3, CD68) и количественную ПЦР в реальном времени для оценки экспрессии генов Hif1a, Nfkb, Il1b, Il6, Il10 и Tgfb.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На 14-е сутки выявлены признаки острого воспаления: лимфогистиоцитарная инфильтрация CD3+ Т-лимфоцитами и повышение экспрессии Hif1a, Nfkb, Il1b и Tgfb. К 28-м суткам отмечалось снижение экспрессии провоспалительных генов и формирование очагов фиброза. На 42-е сутки возрастали уровни экспрессии Il6, Il10, Hif1a и Tgfb; морфологически определялись признаки повреждения кардиомиоцитов. К 60-м суткам сохранялась высокая экспрессия Il6 и Il10 при наличии миоцитолиза.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: Выявленная динамика молекулярно-биологических изменений свидетельствует о формировании хронического воспалительного процесса с преобладанием противовоспалительных цитокинов IL-6 и IL-10 на поздних сроках аутоиммунного миокардита у самцов мышей BALB/c, что может способствовать прогрессированию заболевания и развитию дилатационной кардиомиопатии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to evaluate morphological and molecular biological changes in the myocardium of male BALB/c mice on days 14, 28, 42, and 60 of experimental autoimmune myocarditis.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. Experimental autoimmune myocarditis was induced in adult male BALB/c mice (n=60) by three subcutaneous immunizations with porcine myocardial homogenate in complete Freund's adjuvant. Animals were sacrificed on days 14, 28, 42, and 60. Morphological examination was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, Mallory's trichrome staining, immunohistochemical analysis (CD3, CD68), and real-time quantitative PCR to assess the expression of Hif1a, Nfkb, Il1b, Il6, Il10, and Tgfb genes.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. On day 14, signs of acute inflammation were detected: lymphohistiocytic infiltration with CD3+ T lymphocytes and increased expression of Hif1a, Nfkb, Il1b, and Tgfb. By day 28, a decrease in pro-inflammatory gene expression and formation of fibrosis foci were observed. On day 42, expression levels of Il6, Il10, Hif1a, and Tgfb increased; morphologically, signs of cardiomyocyte damage were identified. By day 60, high expression of Il6 and Il10 persisted in the presence of myocytolysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The identified dynamics of molecular biological changes indicate the formation of a chronic inflammatory process with a predominance of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 at late stages of autoimmune myocarditis in male BALB/c mice, which may contribute to disease progression and development of dilated cardiomyopathy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миокардит</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>аутоиммунные заболевания</kwd><kwd>иммунный ответ</kwd><kwd>экспериментальная модель</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myocarditis</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>autoimmune diseases</kwd><kwd>immune response</kwd><kwd>experimental model</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания FURG-2026–0040 «Роль инфламэйджинга в инициации и прогрессировании нейродегенеративных заболеваний».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed within the framework of the state task FURG-2026–0040 «The role of inflamaging in the initiation and progression of neurodegenerative diseases».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ammirati E, Moslehi JJ. 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