SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL MISSION OF ALEXANDER STANISLAVOVICH DOGEL IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN HISTOLOGY

The historical aspect of the article examines certain aspects of the formation of scientific and pedagogical activity of the outstanding Russian scientist-histologist Alexander Stanislavovich Dogel. His multifaceted life and work have been thoroughly evaluated in the literature, however, in the context of the events held in connection with the 160th anniversary of the Kazan Neurohistological School and the 110th anniversary of the founding of the first morphological journal Archive of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, additional information has appeared on the biography of A.S. Dogel, and the present authors offer additional commentary. A brief biographical sketch presents the main stages of A.S. Dogel's development as a scientist. Dogel's personality was greatly influenced by his family, and subsequently by prominent representatives of Kazan scientific schools - ophthalmologist Emilian Valentievich Adamyuk and histologist Karl Augustovich Arnstein, thanks to whom A.S. Dogel mastered histological techniques and carried out an outstanding study of the structure of the retina of the eye, highly appreciated by Ramon y Cajal. A.S. Dogel developed an effective research tool – an improved method of staining nervous tissue, which allowed histologists to obtain new information about the structure of nervous tissue and the system. The article provides information about the life and work of A.S. Dogel after leaving Kazan, when he worked for a number of years at Tomsk University, and then at the Imperial Saint Petersburg University, engaged in scientific, administrative and teaching activities. His research in the field of the structural and functional organization of the nervous system (description of the neurons of the enteric nervous system, the structure of the retina, spinal ganglia) became the property of the scientific community and were an indisputable contribution to the development of Russian and world histology. Taking care of the wide dissemination of scientific information and the education of new generations of scientists, A.S. Dogel organized the publication of the scientific journal "Russian Archive of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology", which publishes scientific materials to this day. The scientist put a lot of effort into creating Russian textbooks and manuals on histology, and also acted as a popularizer of science.

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