THE MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN HEPATOCYTES AND CHOLANGIOCYTES AT THE EXPERIMENTAL PERITONITIS

Purulent peritonitis causes changes in the structure and function of the organs of the neuroendocrine, hematopoietic, cardiovascular and other functional systems. Pronounced structural changes are observed in the liver and organs of the gastrointestinal tract. The problem of treatment of acute peritonitis and the issue of compensatory-adaptive reactions of the abdominal organs remain relevant at the present time. The aim of the study was to study the morphological and functional changes in hepatocytes and cholangiocytes of the interlobular excretory bile ducts in the conditions of the development of experimental peritonitis, which was reproduced by creating a focus of necrotic damage in the ventral abdominal wall and diffuse septic inflammation in the abdominal cavity. In an experiment on white mice (n=35), a model of acute serous-purulent peritonitis was created. Animals under ether anesthesia were subjected to laparotomy and the abdominal cavity was contaminated with a mixture containing 10 ml of auto-punction of the terminal part of the small intestine and blood at the rate of 10 ml per 1 kg of body weight. Peritonitis was reproduced by creating a focus of necrotic damage in the ventral abdominal wall and diffuse septic inflammation in the abdominal cavity, this model of peritonitis is most often used in experimental gastroenterology. A complex of morphological research methods was used, including histochemical and electron microscopy. The data obtained showed that during the development of experimental peritonitis, at first, cellular-nuclear polymorphism of hepatocytes and an increase in their protein-synthesizing function are observed, then hepatocytes undergo dystrophy, accompanied by changes in biochemical parameters (nucleoproteins, phosphatase activity, neutral fat, glycosaminoglycan, glycogen), the appearance of small-focal necrosis, in the future, as the process fades, the liver tissue is restored. Changes in the bile ducts were less pronounced, they were observed leukocyte infiltration, hypersecretion of mucus, cholangio-fibrosis. The data obtained expand the representations about of organ-specific changes in hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, connective tissue of the portal tracts and interlobular layers, cell lining of the hepatic sinusoids, elements of the peri-sinusoid space and mesothelium of the visceral peritoneum in experimental purulent peritonitis.

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