THE EFFECT OF CYCLOSPORINE A ON THE TENON CAPSULE FIBROBLASTS OF A HUMAN: IN VITRO STUDY

Analysis of the mechanism of action of cyclosporine A suggests that the local prolonged use of this immunosuppressant in glaucoma surgery may increase the effectiveness of interventions. In order to assess the antiproliferative effect and possible cytotoxicity of cyclosporine A for fibroblasts of the human tenon capsule, which are the main source of scar formation during postoperative wound healing, these cells were cultured in a nutrient medium supplemented with cyclosporine A until concentrations of 0.05-2.00 μg/ml were obtained within 7 days. The control group consisted of the culture of fibroblasts of the tenon capsule of the human eyeball without the addition of drugs. The antiproliferative activity of fibroblasts was assessed by determining the monolayer density, proliferation index, culture doubling time and the number of culture doublings. To assess cytotoxicity, cultures stained with trypan blue, Sudan IV, and hematoxylin were analyzed. The proportion of damaged cells in the cultures was quantified by staining them with a "Live/Dead" set of fluorophores. The nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio was also determined. As a result of the study, it was found that in the phase of logarithmic growth of cultures, the degree of increase in the density of the monolayer was inversely related to the concentration of the drug with Spearman's correlation coefficient equal to 0.9. A strong correlation was also found between the values ​​of the proliferation index, the doubling time of the culture, the number of culture doublings and the concentration of the drug in the nutrient medium. In none of the studied cultures, the proportion of damaged cells did not exceed 5% and was not statistically significantly higher than the values ​​obtained for the control group. Thus, prolonged use of cyclosporine A has a dose-dependent antiproliferative effect on human tenon's capsule fibroblasts within the concentration range of 0.05-2.0 μg/ml without pronounced cytotoxicity.

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