STRUCTURAL AND MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF THE EPIDERMIS AND THE DERMIS AT THE SEBORRHEIC DERMATITIS AND THE SEBORRHEIC ALOPECIA

^{The article presents the results of a comparative study of pathomorphological changes in the epidermis and dermis in} seborrheic alopecia and seborrheic dermatitis. 26 patients aged 17 to 60 years with seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp (9 people) and seborrheic alopecia (17 people) were examined. As a control group, 9 healthy people were examined. Biopsy was performed in the lesion in the frontal-parietal area by means of a punch-scalpel No. 5 after infiltration anesthesia with 2% lidocaine in compliance with the rules of asepsis and antiseptics. Subsequently, the drug was fixed in 10% formalin and after standard histological wiring, the obtained sections with a thickness of 5 µm were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Morphometric study of the epidermis was performed by means of an eyepiece micrometer. In the epidermis the thickness of the epidermis and its layers were determined: basal, spiny, granular. The following parameters were evaluated in the dermis: the presence of lympho-histiocytic infiltrates in the papillary and net dermis, mucoid swelling, sclerosis of the papillary dermis, as well as signs of destruction of the hair follicles. The tendency to increase the thickness of the epidermis associated with an increase in the thickness of the basal and stratum corneum both seborrheic dermatitis and seborrheic alopecia. The thickness of the spinous layer did not change with seborrheic dermatitis, but tended to decrease with seborrheic alopecia. The study of the structure of pathological changes of the dermis at seborrheic dermatitis and seborrheic alopecia showed that the detection rate of lympho- histiocytic infiltrates in the papillary and reticular dermis was statistically significant as in seborrheic alopecia and seborrheic dermatitis. The destruction of hair follicles is associated with the presence of lympho-histiocytic infiltrates, both in the papillary and in the net dermis as in seborrheic alopecia, and seborrheic dermatitis. The difference between seborrheic dermatitis and seborrheic alopecia was the low frequency of registration of sclerosis of the papillary dermis.

skin, epidermis, morphometry, dermatitis, seborrheic alopecia

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