MORPHOLOGICAL REACTION OF THE LABYRINTH ZONE OF THE WHITE RATS PLACENTA AT THE PARENTERAL INJECTION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES OF DIFFERENT SIZES

Nanoscale materials are increasingly used to solve the fundamental problems and in applied biomedical research. The most well studied toxicity, biodistribution and biophysical properties of gold nanoparticles. They occupy a special place among the nanoscale materials used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, actively investigated as a nanosized tools for optical or magnetic imaging of cells and tissues, as carriers how of medicinal products for human and animal diagnostic preparations of the new generation. In the making of new drugs, the study of placental permeability barrier for them, as a rule, limited to the parameters of the general and selective toxicity study cellular responses mother and fetus, the nearest and distant teratogenicity. Nanotechnology can offer to solve the problem with more informative methods associated with drug conjugates. Nanopharmaceutics drugs can help in studies of mechanisms not only of placental permeability, but also of other blood-tissue barriers. Investigation of the mechanism of placental permeability barrier must be preceded by study of tissue and cellular responses of the placenta to the injection of nanotechnological therapeutic drugs. The purpose of this study is to investigate the morphological responses labyrinthine zone placenta white rat on parenteral administration of gold nanoparticles of different diameters. Gold nanoparticles with a diameter of 5, 10, 30, 50 and 150 nm, coated with polyethylene glycol was injected intravenously to pregnant female white rats at day 15 of gestation in the dose of 0.8 mg/kg of each animal. Gold nanoparticles in placental tissues were visualized by silver nitrate autometallography and total content of gold in the fetal tissues evaluated by atomic adsorption spectroscopy. With this method was studied the permeability of the rat’s placental barrier for gold nanoparticles with diameters of 5, 10, 30 and 50 nm in vivo. Morphological analysis of histological preparations of the placenta on the light optic level indicates the formation of non-specific adaptation reactions structures labyrinthine zone of the placenta, the expansion of blood vessels and capillaries, plethora, erythrocyte stasis, increasing of number of maternal blood lacunae. These findings suggest the need to consider the morphological responses of the labyrinthine zone placenta of white rats on parenteral injection of gold nanoparticles and their dimensional permeability to assess for the prospects of using new synthesized drugs with nanocarriers in veterinary and medical pharmaceutics.

наночастицы золота, гематоплацентарный барьер, нанодиагностика, нанофармацевтика, gold nanoparticles, the blood-placenta barrier, nanodiagnostics, nanopharmaceutics

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