AGE CORRELATION OF LINEAR PARAMETERS OF THE NASAL SEPTUM IN YAKUT CHILDREN IN EARLY CHILDHOOD ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

The dynamics of the frequency of otorhinolaryngological pathology, one of the main causes of which is the deformation of the nasal septum, among the child population has a positive growth trend and, according to some authors, is from 56 to 95% of all cases of treatment. Congenital deformities or developmental anomalies leading to deviation of the nasal septum in children, with untimely diagnosis, can lead to chronic inflammatory processes in the mucous membrane of the cavity and paranasal sinuses, which in turn cause a violation of the airway function of the upper respiratory tract and an increase in the development of infectious diseases. Diagnosis of such conditions in children under the age of six will prevent their consequences, as well as reduce the need for their surgical treatment - septoplasty. The purpose of the study is to establish morphometric patterns of development of nasal septum structures, to identify patterns of its development and the minimum necessary anatomical criteria for predicting and determining deviation in young children. We used the results of head studies using multispiral computed tomography in the multiplanar mode in children aged 0 to 4 years, 16 girls and 32 boys, a total of 48 patients. The linear dimensions of the nasal septum were measured, including the length, maximum length and height, as well as the angle of deviation. According to the results of the analysis, statistically significant correlations were revealed between the age of children and the linear parameters of the nasal septum, a positive dynamic of the increase in the size of the nasal septum by the age of 3-4 years was observed. Simultaneously with the growth of linear dimensions, a decrease in the angle of deviation of the nasal septum is observed; no statistically significant sex differences were found. The discovered phenomena are due to the rapid growth of the cartilaginous part of the nasal septum by the third year of life. The data obtained demonstrate the possibilities of computed tomography for assessing deviations in the development of the nasal septum in young children for early prevention and elimination of rhinopathy.

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