Dynamics of monoamine oxidase B activity and the number of astrocytes in fetuses of the second half of gestation as well as during the early periods of postnatal ontogenesis (n=153) occurring in the various compartments of the human brain have been studied. Simultaneous increase of the studied indices was noted. The most pronounced dynamics was revealed in the hypothalamus mamillary bodies, where age-specific dynamics of enzyme activity directly correlated with the increase of the number of astrocytes. Age-related increase in the activity of bridge structures, medulla and cerebellum not correlate with the number of astrocytes in the brain compartments. This pattern is qualitatively consistent with the dynamics of the number of glial cells and the activity of MAOB people mature, middle and old age.

The paper presents the study of the histological specimens of the great saphenous vein (GSV) biopsy pbyained post-mortem from individuals of both sexes of 35 to 70 years of age. The study group1 inclubed the specimens of grossly unchanged GSV (n=17), while group 2 consisted of GSV with multiple varices (n=31). The aim of the research is to obtain data on the wall histostructure for the intact and transformed GSVs. Results. The GSV wall has a thick circulation layer of smooth muscle cells and 10-16 intimal pads capable complete blocking the vein lumen. In the areas where «valves» were by duplex scanning, endothelial were observed. Most likely, their function is to retard the GSV iumen growing when the body is in the uhright position.

Body mass index (BMI) was studied in various constitutional groups of mature women somatotyped by method of I. Galant - B. Nikitjuk - V. Chtecov. It was found the minimal BMI was registered in leptosomal somatotype of all female age groups and women with megasomal constitution had the most numbers of this indicator. BMI analyzed in age aspect for women group with different somatotype had minimal rates in light-bone asthenic somatotype and it was maximal in old age group women of big-boned euriplastic somatotype. The study showed the lowest variability of BMI in all age female groups with asthenic and stenoplastic somatotype.

The morphological features of lymphoid tissue and microvessels in samples of regional lymph nodes without metastases were studied in 44 patients with gastric cancer. The samples were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemically using antibodies to CD34. In lymph nodes identified the following types of microvessels: the usual microvessels, the dilated capillaries and the atypical capillaries that were formed by the cells with the phenotype of the blast. Presence of abnormal capillary endothelial cells of blast phenotype was associated with the degree of differentiation of gastric cancer, the type of tumor growth and the amount of lymph follicles to the border of the tumor and gastric mucosa. Also, positive correlation with the area of the square of germinal centers of lymph follicles, an area of germinal centers, the size of the of lymph follicles, with the number of lymph follicles on the border of the gastric mucosa and tumors and the presence of dilated capillaries in the gastric submucosa and negative - a density of lymph follicles and microvessel density in them. LF area was positively correlated with the area of germinal centers, microvessel density in the germinal centers and negatively - with a density of lymph follicles. Size of lymph follicles were positively correlated with T stage gastric cancer and negatively with the 3-year disease-free survival. Density of lymph follicles was associated with tumor size, N stage and T stage of gastric cancer. Thus, these data suggest that reactive changes of in regional lymph nodes lymphoid tissue and processes angiogenesis in regional lymph nodes associated with inflammatory changes in the stroma of tumors, but also with clinical characteristics and prognosis of gastric cancer.

We explored 360 young people aged 17-21(50 % - boys and 50 % girls), living in Saransk and in the rural areas of Mordovia Republic. We hold analysis anthropometric indicators. Given the index feature of physical development. The comparative analysis by gender and place, where they live (city-rural areas) was given.

In an experimental model morphological and morphometric features somatosensory neurons of the cerebral cortex of rats exposed to white lead acetate, followed by administration of the drug with antioxidant properties “Digidrokvertitsin Plus”. To answer this question applied microroskopirovanie histologic sections of the cerebral cortex, with the help of digital means of a microscope MT 4000 Series Biological Microscope with pro software for image analysis «Bio Vision Version 4.0». Photographing preparations made with the built-Dig steam chamber with an increase of 10 x 10, 40 x 10 and 100 x 10.

Bone marrow transplantation is used to treat many cancers. The aim of the study was to examine the dynamics of the functioning of the neurotransmitters in the temporal aspect in the geterotransplantatsii bone marrow. After geterotransplantatsii luminescent granular bone marrow and mast cells gradually stop synthesizing neyroaminy are destroyed and new populations are not formed. There are gistaminpolozhitelnye plazmoblasty. In the study of correlations observed that alien bone marrow suppresses synthesis of biogenic amines and the disintegration of cells controllers (granular luminescent and mast cells), the gradual depletion of bone marrow cells from neyroaminov, rapid aging and death, which leads to a change in the differentiation of cells in the bone marrow. There is a fatty degeneration of the bone marrow.

The paper provides the anatomy of small intestine in humans of different ages. There are still different views on the macro- and microscopic structural peculiarities of the structures of the walls in the small intestine. Their own and literature data on the morphology of the small intestine of man are given in the current data.

New histological nuclear dyes were obtained from grape berries and black currant. They can be used as analogues of hematoxylin, crezyl violet and thionine. Their advantages include color, intensity, stability and selectivity of the staining, as well as the easy availability of raw materials, usage of nontoxic ingredients and simplicity of preparation of the coloring solution. As a result of the experiments general recommendations were developed to obtain high quality basic dyes based on vegetable raw materials with a high content of anthocyanins.

The literature review discusses the results of morphological, biochemical, and virological studies of the influence of herpetic infection on the endothelium of macro- and microvessels in laboratory animals and in humans. The obtained data suggest the cause-effect relation between virus agents and atherosclerotic plaque formation in the aorta and muscular arteries.