A.L Myasnikov in the monograph “Hypertensive heart disease and atherosclerosis» [21] following his teacher G.F.Lang rightly linked the development of hypertension with the progression of atherosclerosis , the unifying element in these arguments was nerve factor . In the present study as a result of the application of quantitative methods to study neurohistohemic state of the nervous apparatus of the cardiovascular system are the modern conception of ontogenesis nervous trophics heart for some cardiac diseases. The comparative analysis of heart rate variabelity in normal and cardiomyopathy. The item also includes studies on baroreflex regulation of heart and radioiodinated metaiodobenzylguanidine in the diagnosis of heart diseases.

The article presents an analysis of microcirculation disorders and intracardiac hemodynamics in those of the first period of maturity (21-35 years) with hypertension, under the influence of prolonged labor at night. The close relationship of the direct correlation between the severity of disorders of the peripheral and intracardiac hemo ¬ dynamics and degree of hypertension and the duration of the night character of labor.

Classification calcaneus by form of talar articular surfaces, used for identification purposes, has implications for anthropological, comparative anatomical, forensic medicine and applied clinical research. The purpose of the study - to determine the frequency types of calcanea by form of articular facets in the modified and supplemented classification, in which for the differentiation of 1 type of calcanea by authors were introduced quantitative criteria. 1a subtype detected in 14 %, 1b in 24.6 %, 1c in 7%, 2a subtype in 7 %, 2b in 15.8 %, 2c in 22.8%, the third type in 7% and 4th type in 1.8 % of cases. In the analysis of data proven absence of bilateral and presence of sex differences by the modified classification criteria statistically. Introduction of quantitative criteria for subtyping allows, according to the authors, unify of research and to produce a comparison of results obtained using different classifications. Proposed quantitative criteria can be used to differentiate the degree of fusion of talar articular surfaces of the calcaneus.

A comparative analysis of morphological and functional changes in hepatocytes and cells of the reticuloendothelial system of the liver during infection biomodel cultures tularemia microbe strains of different subspecies. Experimental infection reproduced on the model of laboratory mice. In work used tularensis strains of the Holarctic, Nearctic and Central Asian subspecies. Histological study used a standard color and histological sections impregnation method with silver nitrate. The changes in number of morphometric and morphological and functional parameters of the state of hepatocytes, cells of the reticuloendothelial system of the liver biomodel that may be crucial in limitation of adaptive and regenerative potentials organism “master” when inoculated tularemia microbe strains of different subspecies. The data obtained allows us to consider them as a basis for further study of patho- and morphogenesis of infection caused by tularemia microbes of different subspecies and search prognostic evaluation criteria of severity of experimental tularemia.

Morphological changes in the rat adrenal cortex after local thermal burn were studied. It is shown that the processes underlying the pathogenesis of multiple organ failure caused by a disruption of regional hemodynamics and microcirculation in the organs after the burn. Histological changes in the adrenal cortex are unidirectional, only in 30 days after injury marked reduction processes.

Work is devoted to the comparative analysis of productivity and reproducibility of experimental models of a heart failure at rats. It is established that phenylephine hydrochloride introduction (0,1 ml of 1% of solution intramusculary) daily within 21 days with an exercise stress 25-30 min. allows to receive a chronic heart failure most close reflecting the main stages of development of the pathological process meeting in clinical practice at patients CHF. This model of a heart failure it is possible to survey as easily feasible, the most effective, bringing to development of the expressed and permanent changes in heart, characteristic for a chronic heart failure at animals.

The results of the study of the dynamics of structural and morphometric changes of derivatives of the intermediate mesoderm in the formation of primary kidney poultry (PKP). Studied 268 chicken embryos of chickens for meat from stage 48 hours to 20 days of incubation . It is shown that the process of the PKP as a body and the formation of mesonephrons is identical and consists of the stages of bud formation, bud differentiation, morphological and functional stability of involution. Identified two general vector nephronogenesis (craniocaudal and ventrodorsal), three generation of mesonephrons 4 types mesonephral canaliculi. It is shown that is nephronogenesis saltatory («de novo») in accordance with the provisionally. The results of morphometric mesonepralis cells and canaliculi.

The article provides analisis an anatomical experiment tooth preparation using dental navigation system. Under standard conditions produced teeth preparation and the whole process work was recorded system. There were investigated angular deviations committed dental tool. The study identified numerous and significant angular deviations beyond conventional dental standards. It was concluded that the proposed method of analysis of the doctor’s work can be applied to evaluate existing methodologies odontopreparirovaniya tselya to find the optimal.

Diagnosis of sex is an important task of modern anthropology and forensic osteology. Identification of a number of osteometric parameters of human foot can give valuable information to solve this task. The purpose of this study was to detection the variability of quantitative indicators of middle phalanges of the toes of adult’s subjects. The material for analysis was 51 cases of observation (19 women and 32 men). Osteometric direct measurements were made on the bones of the foot certified collection using electronic calipers with accuracy up to 0,01 mm. A statistical variability of 17 osteometric parameters was obtained. The authors confirmed the own hypothesis that sex differences are focused on the phalanges of the second and fourth rays of the foot, which play a key role in determining the morphogenesis and architecture of the autopodium. The authors found that statistically significant sexual differences inherent to middle phalanges of the foot are parameters characterizing the size of their epiphyses exclusively (width and height of the head and the base of the phalanx, width and height of the articular facets of the head and the base of the phalanx, distal, middle and proximal diaphyseal bone width). The possibility of using of the observed phenomenon for skeletal diagnostics of sex is discussed.

In early pregnancy 24 and 48 hh after endotoxin exposure were studied. Changes in spleen morphology caused by systemic inflammatory response showed attenuated reaction mainly because of retardation of white splenic pulp development. Prenatally exposed mice showed lesser hyperplasia of white splenic pulp, impaired cooperation of cells in marginal zone because of strong deficit of neutrophiles and more intensive degranulation of mast cells.

In the whole mounts of small intestine from 32 male Wistar rats of different age groups a quantitative assessment was conducted, and in histological slices - qualitative assessment of the Peyer’s patches. The total area of the small intestine, length, number of plaques and the number of lymphoid nodules in them were determined. In compare with 4-6 week rats the length of the small intestine of 5-6 days ones is increased by 2.8 times and in subsequent periods of postnatal development, it is not changed. According to the quantitative evaluation of the Peyer’s patches, and lymph nodules in them, the number of Peyer’s patches in the wall of the jejunum and ileum at 5-6 days old rats is 7.0, and lymphoid nodules in them is 6.6. At the age of 4-6 weeks up to the 2-3 months these figures are increased by 3 times. Total plaque number is not changed at the age of 13-14 months, but the number of lymphoid nodules, compared with the previous period, is increased by 1.3 times. Plaques per unit and the number of spare nodules are increased in the ileum compared with the jejunum at the age of 5-6 days. The number of nodules in it reaches a maximum at the age of 2-3 months, and in 13-14 months - is decreased. Dynamics of the average area of plaques is similar, but readings are maximal in the age of 13-14 months.

The analysis of the morphological structure of the resected thyroid glands residents of Nizhny Novgorod region for the period 1995 to 2011. Object for studying tin plated surgical material thyroid glands with morphological diagnosis of nodular nontoxic goiter. Clinico-morphological study shows an increase in secondary changes in the nodes in the form of multiple sclerosis and cysts. Over the study period was an increase in the intensity of lymphoid infiltration of nodes with the formation of lymphoid follicles.

The research of morphometrical and mechanical characteristics of a capsule of a temporo-mandibular joint on a section material from 38 corpses of adult people was carried out. Authentic differences in thickness and durability of tissues in various groups with different occlusion were revealed. The greatest values of the studied parameters were observed in a group with fixed occlusion, the smallest - in group with unfixed occlusion. It is possible to believe that reduction of thickness and decrease in mechanical characteristics of a capsule of temporo-mandibular joint at a loss of teeth are preconditions of development the dysfunction of a tempo-mandibular joint.

In study we estimated morphological and functional changes of the thyroid gland with hyperhomocysteinemia and hypercholesterolemia. In both experimental groups were revealed atrophic conversion at the cellular and tissue levels, which indicating a suppression of organ function. Homocysteine ​​is a more aggressive factor in the development of atherosclerotic lesions, than increased level of cholesterol in the blood.

Histological dyes based on the beetroot and carrot juice were received and their staining properties were studied. The dye based on the beetroot juice appeared to be acidic and specifically stained acidophilic structures like the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes and smooth muscle cells of the gastro-intestinal tract layers. On the contrary, the dye based on the carrot juice specifically stained the nuclei of different cells and allowed the study of the chromatin structure. The recipes of these dyes and staining procedures are simple and cheap and can be used as analogs of more expensive hematoxylin and eosin.