The quantitative indicators of neuroamine-producing cells and the content of neuromediators in them were analyzed, the correlation of indicators of their production after bone marrow xenotransplantation was studied. The experiments were conducted on white laboratory mice, which were injected with a cell suspension obtained from a domestic cats into the tail vein. In the early stages of the experiment, the number of neuroamine-producing cells increases, with an increase in the content of neurotransmitters in them. In the subsequent periods of the experiment, their number decreases and the production of all neuromediators (catecholamines, serotonin, histamine) sharply decrease. The formation of lipocytes in the transplanted tissue is showed. Correlations between the levels of neuromediators in neuroamine-producing bone marrow cells also change. Thus, bone marrow xenotransplantation leads to a decrease in the number and production of neuromediators by neuroamine-producing cells within two days.

In recent years, researchers have mainly focused on the humoral and endogenous predictors of atherosclerosis, not paying due attention to anatomical, functional and biomechanical factors. The purpose of the study is an anatomical and functional analysis of the role of extrasystoles as a risk factor for atherosclerosis of the arterial vessels. A total of 270 patients with supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles were examined. Among the patients there were 162 men and 108 women aged 63.4 ± 6.6 years. The patients underwent sphygmography, electrocardiography, echocardiography and Doppler ultrasound of the arterial main vessels. Anatomical and functional and biomechanical indices of the heart and vessels were determined. The results of the study showed that there are four structural and functional effects of extrasistoly, which play an important role as predictors of atherosclerosis (arterial sprain, mechanical damage to their endothelium, the appearance of additional pulsation waves and the formation of atheroma). The authors believe that the risk factor is not the extrasystole itself, but the pulse wave of the first post-extrasystolic contraction, especially after an early extrasystole, which occurred before the opening of the mitral valve, therefore the treatment tactics and the expediency of its at extrasystoles in many aspects is determined by the degree of hemodynamic disturbances in each specific variant of this rhythm disturbance.

The Werdnig-Hoffmann syndrome is an infantile form of hereditary spinal progressive muscle atrophy with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance with a frequency of 1 per 10,000 population. The data on the complex ultramicroscopic study of the spinal cord and deltoid muscle of a clinical case of Verdnig-Hoffmann syndrome in a newborn male child who died at the age of 1 month are given. Rubella virus patterns of the RNA were isolated in serum and spinal cord tissue samples. Changes in the structure of the spinal cord and deltoid muscle are described. An ultrastructural study showed the presence of a virus in the tissue of the spinal cord and vascular endothelial cells of the muscle. In the tissue of the spinal cord against the destruction of neurons was detected rubella virus. Viral particles were localized both in the cytoplasm of preserved oligodendrocytes and diffusely in destructively altered tissue of the spinal cord. The number of cells in the spinal cord tissue was reduced, the structure of their mitochondria was disturbed, and vacuolization of the cytoplasm was detected. For myelin fibers there is inherent heterogeneity of the thickness of the membranes, uneven distribution, deformation of the contours, and variability of diameters. Myelin fibers stratified, fragmented, osmiophilia lost. In the study of muscle samples prevailed destructively modified muscle fibers. At the same time, against the background of an unevenly pronounced atrophy of muscle fibers, the reproduction of the rubella virus in the cytoplasm of capillary endotheliocytes and pericytes of muscle vessels was detected. The etiological role of the rubella virus in the onset of the clinical symptoms constituting spinal muscular atrophy syndrome as a variant of congenital rubella has been suggested. .

The treatment of purulent wounds in patients with diabetes mellitus is a difficult and urgent problem of the modern medicine. The disruption of the immune status is one of the pathogenetic links of the cascade of pathological processes with purulent wounds in patients with diabetes mellitus. The aim of the study is to revealing the features of the morphological and functional reorganization of the thymus in various methods of the treatment of purulent wounds against the background of alloxan diabetes under experimental conditions. The therapeutic efficacy of the drug miliacylum and EHF-therapy was studied in 128 white outbred albino rats to whom simulated the wound process of the hind limbs against the background of alloxan diabetes. In 32 rats of the main group, miliacylum and EHF-therapy were used in the local treatment of wounds. In 32 animals of the first control group, wounds were not treated. Wounds in 32 rats of the second control group were treated with miliacylum. In 32 animals of the third control group, EHF-therapy was used in the treatment of wounds. We were conducted histological and immune-cytochemical studies of the thymus in animals of all groups on the 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day of treatment. The terms of the healing of purulent wounds in animals against the background of alloxan diabetes, in the main group were 11.91 ± 0.28 days, which is statistically significantly shorter than the terms in animals that were treated only with miliacylum (13.88 ± 0.26 days), and in animals who were not treated or used only EHF-therapy (more than 28 days). In the analysis of a series of histological preparations of the thymus, an atrophy of the thymus parenchyma (of the cortex and of the medullary substance) was found, in combination with hyperplasia of the interlobar perivascular spaces with a simultaneous increase in the proportion of adipose tissue. However, the phenomenon of accidental involution was less pronounced in animals of the main group than in rats of the control groups. Treatment of purulent wounds with miliacylum and EHF-therapy provides not only optimization of reparative processes in the wound area, but also limits the involution of the thymus gland and, thus, prevents disturbances in the central organ of immunogenesis.

The aim of the study was to identify the age features of the fat component of the body in men of different somatotypes. The method of complex anthropometry and somatotyping was used to assess of the physical development of 955 men of juvenile and mature age, ethnic Kyrgyz living in Osh city and in its surroundings, healthy. The parameters of the fatty component of the body were estimated by caliperometry and bioimpedancemetry using the device «ABC-01 Medass» (Russia). Our studies have shown that among Kyrgyz men of youth and mature age dominates with abdominal somatotype - 35.3-36.0%, thoracic somatotype is present at the minimum frequency (9.0-11.0%); men of muscular somatotype are determined in 24.7-27.0%, and unspecified somatotype in 27.4-30.3% of all cases. The average thickness of the measured skin-fat folds in men of the abdominal somatotype of youthful and mature age is in 2.4-2.6 times higher than in men of the somatic somatotype, in 3.6-2.7 times of the muscular somatotype, and unspecified somatotype in 1,5-1.7 times (p<0.05). The absolute content of the fatty component in males of the abdominal somatotype is in 3.2-3.8 times greater than that of the breast somatotype, muscular somatotype in 3.0-3.7 times and in 1.4-1.7 times of undetermined somatotype (p<0.05 ). A quantitative assessment of the age and somatotypological features of the distribution of the fat component of the body revealed that in men of the 1st period of mature age with abdominal somatotype, in comparison with young men, the average value of skin fat fold folds increases in 1.3 times, and with other somatotypes in 1.2 times (p<0.05). In men of the 2nd period of mature age of the abdominal somatotype in comparison with the young men, this indicator increases in 1.4 times (p<0.05), thoracic and muscular somatotype in 1.3 times and undetermined somatotype in 1.5 times (p<0, 05). The data obtained may be the basis for the creation of ethnic standards of physical development.

It is known that parafollicular and mast cells share in maintaining of a homeostasis of a thyroid gland. The purpose of the study is to the analysis of influence of an immobilized stress on a morpho-functional condition of parafollicular and mast cells of a thyroid gland of a rat. The study is performed on white not purebred laboratory male rats, which were divided into 2 groups: 1 group - 10 intact animals; the 2nd group - 10 animals subject to an immobilized stress, by their rooming in Kogan's camera. Paraffin cuts of a thyroid gland were painted by 0,1% solution toluidine blue and silver nitrate across Grimelius in Nikonov's modifications. The morpho-functional condition of mast cells and С-cells were estimated by determination of their quantity, subpopulation structure of cages on extent of granular saturation and degranulation, with the subsequent calculation of the index of granular saturation and the index of degranulation. As a result of model of an immobilized stress change of subpopulation structure of both mast and parafollicular cells, increase in the index of their granular saturation, and also decrease in the index of degranulation is received that prove the depressing of functional activity of these cells of a thyroid gland.

We studied the effect of unstable ubiquitous endocrine disrupters bisphenol A (BPA) and triclosan (TCS) on the reproductive function of adult male Wistar rats. BPA and TCS concentrations were measured directly in testicular tissue by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Comparison groups were found to be statistically significantly different in the concentrations of bisphenol A and triclosan in testicular tissues. The study showed that bisphenol A and triclosan have a negative effect on the morphofunctional state of the male reproductive glands of sexually mature rats, causing a decrease in testicular mass, a decrease in parenchyma, the number and diameter of the seminiferous tubules, an increase in the number of convoluted seminiferous tubules with desquamated epithelium, and a decrease in sperm cells on the background of an increase in their atypical forms.

The article discusses the issues of structural and functional organization of the human liver. The analysis of classical ideas in this problem is carried out and their shortcomings are shown. The data of a number of authors are presented in whose works on the reconstruction of the hepatic lobules in humans and cats it was shown that the liver parenchyma consists of complexes of the hepatic lobules. Each complex of hepatic lobules is a combination of 2-4 classic lobules, united by one common base. The central veins in the lobules of the complex begin with the 2nd third of the length of the lobule. Merging, they form a collective vein located in the common base of the lobules. The hepatic lobule complex is morphologically and functionally combined. Separate classic hepatic lobule in the liver is rare. The author proves that portal lobules and hepatic acini do not exist as real morphological structures, since their volumetric reconstruction cannot be created.